茶树施肥研究进展  

Research status and prospects of fertilization in tea plants

作　　者：赵锦 付静[1,2,3] 刘宁宁 李新生 昝丽霞[1,2,3] 燕飞 曲东[1,2,3] 无 ZHAO Jin;FU Jing;LIU Ning-ning;LI Xin-sheng;ZAN Li-xia;YAN Fei;QU Dong;无(Biological Science and Engineering,Shaanxi University of Technology,Hanzhong Shaanxi 723000;Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Bio-resources,Hanzhong Shaanxi 723000;Shaanxi Province‘Four Subjects and One Joint’Tea University&Enterprise Alliance Research Center,Hanzhong Shaanxi 723001;Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment(Incubation),Hanzhong Shaanxi 723000)

机构地区：[1]陕西理工大学生物科学与工程学院,陕西汉中723000 [2]陕西省资源生物重点实验室,陕西汉中723000 [3]陕西省“四主体一联合”茶产业校企联合研究中心,陕西汉中723001 [4]陕西理工大学秦巴生物资源与生态环境省部共建国家重点实验室(培育),陕西汉中723000

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2023年第3期226-235,共10页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：陕西省2021年中央引导地方科技创新专项项目(2021ZY2-JD-19)。

摘　　要：施肥是保证茶树健康生长、提高产量和品质的重要保证。单施无机肥或有机肥均能够对茶叶产量、茶产品品质及土壤肥力等方面起到促进作用,但是存在明显的缺陷和隐患,如土壤酸化、氮素损失严重和茶鲜叶产量降低等。因此,在无机肥和有机肥配施基础上结合新型肥料和新型施肥技术体系,如硒肥、炭基水溶肥和智能水肥一体化等是茶园可持续发展的重要途径。综述了无机肥、有机肥、无机肥和有机肥配施3种施肥模式对茶树生长发育、茶叶产量、茶叶品质、土壤肥力等方面的影响,并结合茶园新型肥料和施肥技术,从多方位提出相关的发展建议,为实现茶园合理施肥、生产高产优质茶叶和提升茶园土壤质量提供参考。Fertilization is an important guarantee to ensure the healthy growth,yield improvement and high quality of tea trees.Single application of inorganic fertilizer or organic fertilizer can promote the yield of tea,tea product quality and soil fertility,but there are obvious defects and hidden dangers,such as soil acidification,serious nitrogen loss and reduced yield of fresh tea leaves.Therefore,inorganic fertilizer and organic fertilizer application,combining with new type of fertilizer and new fertilization technology system,such as selenium fertilizer,carbon-based water-soluble fertilizer and intelligent water and fertilizer integration,is an important way for the sustainable development of tea garden.In this study,the effects of three fertilization modes of inorganic fertilizer,organic fertilizer,inorganic fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer on tea plant growth and development,tea production,tea quality and soil fertility were summarized.Considering with new type fertilizers and fertilization technology in tea garden,this paper put forward relevant development suggestions from multiple aspects,so as to provide reference for realizing rational fertilization in tea plantations,producing high-yield and high-quality tea and improving soil quality in tea production.It provides research ideas for rational fertilization,production of high-yield and high�quality tea and improvement of soil fertility in tea garden in the future.

关 键 词：茶 施肥 产量 品质 土壤肥力 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]