Lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol: from mechanisms to therapies  

作　　者：Jie Luo Jin-Kai Wang Bao-Liang Song 

机构地区：[1]College of Life Sciences,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis,TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences,TaiKang Medical School,Wuhan University,Wuhan,China

出　　处：《Life Metabolism》2022年第1期25-38,共14页生命（代谢（英文）

基　　金：This work was supported by grants from the Ministry of Science and Technology(2018YFA0800703);the National Natural Science Foundation(91957103,31690102,32021003,and 91957208).B.-L.Song acknowledges the support from the Tencent Foundation through the XPLORER PRIZE.

摘　　要：Low-density lipoprotein(LDL)is the main carrier of cholesterol and cholesteryl ester in circulation.High plasma levels of LDL cholesterol(LDL-C)are a major risk factor of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease(ASCVD).LDL-C lowering is recommended by many guidelines for the prevention and treatment of ASCVD.Statins,ezetimibe,and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors are the mainstay of LDL-C-lowering therapy.Novel therapies are also emerging for patients who are intolerant to statins or respond poorly to standard treatments.Here,we review the most recent advances on LDL-C-lowering drugs,focusing on the mechanisms by which they act to reduce LDL-C levels.The article starts with the cornerstone therapies applicable to most patients at risk for ASCVD.Special treatments for those with little or no LDL receptor function then follow.The inhibitors of ATP-citrate lyase and cholesteryl ester transfer protein,which are recently approved and still under investigation for LDL-C lowering,respectively,are also included.Strategies targeting the stability of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase and cholesterol catabolism can be novel regimens to reduce LDL-C levels and cardiovascular risk.

关 键 词：CHOLESTEROL low-density lipoprotein STATIN EZETIMIBE proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease 

分 类 号：R589.2[医药卫生—内分泌]