基于改进物元可拓模型的肉制品中化学污染物风险评估方法  

A Risk Assessment Method of Chemical Contaminants in Meat Products Based on Improved Matter-Element Extension Model

作　　者：斗海峰 陈谊 武彩霞[2,3] 国伟 张峰[1] DOU Haifeng;CHEN Yi;WU Caixia;GUO Wei;ZHANG Feng(Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine,Beijing 100176,China;School of Computer Science and Engineering,Beijing Technology and Business University,Beijing 100048,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Big Data Technology for Food Safety,Beijing Technology and Business University,Beijing 100048,China)

机构地区：[1]中国检验检疫科学研究院,北京100176 [2]北京工商大学计算机学院,北京100048 [3]北京工商大学食品安全大数据技术北京市重点实验室,北京100048

出　　处：《食品科学》2023年第11期1-8,共8页Food Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2019YFC1606501);国家自然科学基金面上项目(61972010)。

摘　　要：肉制品中化学污染物超标是导致食品安全问题的原因之一,对其安全风险进行准确评估从而为食品安全监管提供科学依据具有十分重要的意义。考虑到现有风险评估方法的优缺点,本研究提出一种基于改进物元可拓模型的肉制品中化学污染物风险评估方法,该方法首先充分考虑各污染物最大限量和监督抽检结果统计规律,选择污染物的检出率、不合格率、不合格度、含量均值和变异系数作为风险评价指标,引入最优最劣法确定各评价指标权重;然后基于改进的物元可拓模型计算非对称贴近度,得出各污染物的风险等级。以我国某省2018年对肉制品中5种食品添加剂和4种重金属元素的抽检结果为例进行案例研究,并与常用的内梅罗指数评价方法进行对比实验,结果显示使用两种方法对9种化学污染物的评价结果等级顺序基本一致,但本研究方法的评价结果分布在Ⅰ~Ⅴ级,而内梅罗指数法的评价结果集中在Ⅲ~Ⅴ级。说明本研究方法可以有效突出各污染物风险的差异,评价结果更符合实际。根据评估结果可为制定污染物抽检计划、优化检测资源提供科学依据。It is of great importance to accurately assess the safety risk of chemical contaminants in meat products as one of the causes of food safety problems,which could provide a basis for food safety supervision.Considering the advantages and disadvantages of the existing risk assessment methods,a risk assessment method of chemical contaminants in meat products based on the improved matter-element extension model was proposed,which takes into account the maximum limit of each contaminant and the statistical distribution pattern of sampling results,and selects the detection rate,failure rate,failure degree,mean contents and coefficient of variation of contaminants as risk evaluation indexes.In addition,the weight of each evaluation index was determined by introducing the best-worst method,and the risk level of each contaminant was determined from the asymmetric closeness calculated based on the improved matter-element extension model.Moreover,a case study was conducted with the sampling results of five food additives and four heavy metal elements in meat products in a certain province of China in 2018,and a comparative experiment was conducted with the commonly used Nemerow index evaluation method.The results of both methods showed basically identical rank order of the nine chemical contaminants,and the results of the method developed in this study were distributed at level Ⅰ-Ⅴ,while those of the Nemerow index method were concentrated at level Ⅲ-Ⅴ.Our method can effectively highlight the difference in the risk of different contaminants,and the results from it comply more with reality,which provide a scientific basis for the development of pollutant sampling plans and the optimization of detection resources.

关 键 词：风险评估 物元可拓模型 最优最劣法 肉制品 化学污染物 

分 类 号：TS251.5[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]