师范生迈向高质量乡村教师的路径研究  

How to Prepare Normal Students Become High Quality Rural Teachers?

作　　者：戴伟芬[1,2] 孙冉 徐静 DAI Weifen;SUN Ran;XU Jing(College of Education,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学教育学院,武汉430079 [2]华中师范大学教师教育发展研究中心

出　　处：《教育发展研究》2023年第8期29-37,共9页Research in Educational Development

基　　金：国家社会科学基金2018年度教育学一般课题“教育现代化进程中高质量乡村教师职前培养机制研究”(BIA180185)的部分成果。

摘　　要：师范生是乡村教师的重要补充渠道,如何培养师范生在未来成为高质量的乡村教师?这从根本上说是培养教师如何满足乡村学校对教师能力和素质的特定需求以及具有乡村从教情怀的问题。本研究基于中国东中西部学校的2588名师范生和337名新手教师的抽样数据,考察了当前师范生的乡村从教情怀及教学素养现状,构建了促进师范生走向高质量乡村教师的培养路径。结果显示,师范生尚缺乏对乡村社会发展的客观认识和理解,对教师职业的认同感较低,扎根乡村从教的情怀薄弱;接受乡村地方性教育的培养匮乏,乡村教学素养亟待提高。研究进而构建了融入乡村地方性的24条培养路径的职前培养项目。调查发现该融合路径得到师范生和新手教师的认同,有益于师范生的乡村地方意识、乡村教育教学能力和乡村地方情感培养。由此提出重构师范生适应乡村从教的培养课程、探索设置乡村教育专业、加强入职支持、保障专业发展等建议。Normal students are important supplements for rural teachers.How to prepare normal students become high-quality rural teachers in the future?Fundamentally,it is a question to prepare teachers to meet the specific needs of rural schools for teacher ability and quality,as well as to have a rural teaching belief.Based on the sampling data of 2,588 normal students and 337novice teachers from schools in eastern,central,and western China.The study examined the current situation of normal students'rural teaching belief and teaching literacy,which constructed a preparation path to promote normal students towards high-quality rural teachers.The results show that normal students lack objective knowledge and understanding of rural social development,have poor identification of the teacher profession,and have a weak willingness to stay in rural areas.Moreover,they lack preparation in rural locality education,and their rural teaching literacy should be strengthened urgently.The study further constructed a preservice preparation program with 24 paths that incorporate rural locality.According to the survey,we found that this integrated path is recognized by normal students and novice teachers,which is beneficial to cultivate normal students'rural locality awareness,rural education teaching ability,and rural locality emotion.Therefore,suggestions are put forward to reconstruct the preparation curriculum for normal students to adapt to rural teaching,explore the setting of rural education majors,and strengthen in-service support to ensure their professional development.

关 键 词：师范生 职前培养 乡村从教情怀 乡村教学素养 高质量乡村教师 

分 类 号：G659.2[文化科学—教育学]