2014—2021年云南省玉溪市学生餐微生物污染情况调查  

Investigation on microbial contamination of students'meals in Yuxi city from 2014 to 2021

作　　者：吴林蔚 刘敏[2] 杨祖顺[2] 李旭东[1] 朱学存 马惘卿 向正华[1] 杨庆文[2] WU Linwei;LIU Min;YANG Zushun;LI Xudong;ZHU Xuecun;MA Wangqing;XIANG Zhenghua;YANG Qingwen(Yuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Yuxi,Yunnan 653100,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]玉溪市疾病预防控制中心,云南玉溪653100 [2]云南省疾病预防控制中心卫生检验中心

出　　处：《中国国境卫生检疫杂志》2023年第3期241-248,共8页Chinese Journal of Frontier Health and Quarantine

摘　　要：目的调查云南省玉溪市不同用餐时段、食品类别及采样点的学生餐卫生指标菌和食源性致病菌污染情况。方法采用国标方法,检测2014—2021年128件学生餐样本菌落总数、大肠埃希菌计数两种卫生指示菌和金黄色葡萄球菌、沙门菌、蜡样芽胞杆菌、弯曲菌、单核细胞增生李斯特菌、致泻性大肠埃希菌6种食源性致病菌,用SPSS 26软件进行分析。结果菌落总数检出率96.30%(104/108)、大肠埃希菌检出率17.19%(22/128)。食源性致病菌检出率28.13%(36/128),问题样品占比6.25%(8/128)。食源性致病菌检出率最高的食品为焙烤及油炸类食品(33.33%,2/6)及中式凉拌菜(33.33%,1/3);学生早餐检出率36.67%(11/30)最高,不同用餐时段菌落总数(P<0.01)、大肠埃希菌(P<0.05)问题样品占比差异有统计学意义;检出率最大的采样地点是小学食堂(47.37%,9/19)。结论玉溪市学生餐主要被大肠埃希菌、蜡样芽胞杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和弯曲菌污染,应重点加强小学食堂监管,采取有效措施防止学校食物中毒发生。Objective To investigate the bacterial contamination of students'meals in different time,food categories and sampling sites in Yuxi city.Methods National standard method was used to detect two health indicator bacteria includes the total number of bacterial colonies,the count of Escherichia coli,and six foodborne pathogenic bacteria contains Staphylococcus aureus,Salmonella,Bacillus cereus,campylobacter,Listeria monocytogenes and diarrogenic Escherichia coli,in 128 food samples of students from 2014 to 2021.SPSS 26 was used to analyze the results.Results The detection rate of the total number of colonies was 96.30%(104/108)and the positive rate of Escherichia coli was 17.19%(22/128).The positive rate of foodborne pathogens was 28.13%(36/128),and the problem samples accounted for 6.25%(8/128).Among them,the foods with the highest positive rate of foodborne pathogens were baked and fried foods(33.33%,2/6)and Chinese cold dishes(33.33%,1/3).The positive rate of students'breakfast was 36.67%(11/30),and the total number of colonies(P<0.01)and the proportion of problem samples of Escherichia coli(P<0.05)in different meal periods had statistical significance.The sampling site with the largest detection rate was the primary school canteen(47.37%,9/19).Conclusion In Yuxi city,students'meals were mainly contaminated by Escherichia coli,Bacillus cereus,Staphylococcus aureus and campylobacter.It is necessary to strengthen the supervision of primary school canteens and take effective measures to prevent school food poisoning.

关 键 词：食源性致病菌 小学 学生早餐 蜡样芽胞杆菌 

分 类 号：R155.5[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]