教育惩戒的伦理困境及其突围  

Ethical Dilemma of Educational Discipline and Its Ground-breaking Path

作　　者：吴文胜[1] 郭未来 WU Wen-sheng;GUO Wei-lai(Chinese Education Modernization Research Institute of Hangzhou Normal University;College of Education,Zhejiang Normal University)

机构地区：[1]杭州师范大学中国教育现代化研究院,浙江杭州311121 [2]浙江师范大学教育学院,浙江金华321004

出　　处：《教育理论与实践》2023年第22期24-31,共8页Theory and Practice of Education

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“现象学视野下教师教育惩戒研究”(项目编号:BAA200027)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：教育惩戒的实践难题呼唤“伦理本源的回归”。教育惩戒伦理奠基于同情的基质及其机能,体现为主体间的关心与责任。教育惩戒的“错位”与“沉默”既有外在层面的影响,也有教育者自身难以应对的“过错”与“悬置”的隐忧。教育者面临着社会层面的匿名指责、家校层面的信任危机以及功利主义与绝对义务的均衡问题。突围的伦理策略是要明确教育惩戒的教育属性,要求教育者遵循法律规范的权责要求以及持守教育惩戒的质性规定;创生主体的成长性力量,促使生成教育惩戒的实施艺术与实施机智,实现伦理时空的生成与绵延,进而促进主体成长;澄清教育惩戒的实践立场,在秉持教育立场的前提下,教育惩戒也存在一定的风险,但必须优先满足社会规范和尊重主体人格的要求。The practical problem of educational discipline calls for the“return of the origin of ethics”.The ethics of educational discipline is based on the basis of sympathy and its function,which is manifested as the concern and responsibility among subjects.The“dislocation”and“silence”of educational discipline not only have external influence,but also have their own“fault”and“suspension”which is difficult to deal with.Educators are faced with such dilemmas as the synonymous criticism from the society,the crisis of trust from the schools,and the balance between utilitarianism and absolute obligations.The ethical strategies to break through include the following aspects:clarifying the educational attribute of educational discipline,requiring the educators to stick to the rights and responsibilities stipulated by the laws,and abiding by the qualitative provisions of educational discipline;creating the force for the subjects to grow,so that the art and wisdom of implementing educational discipline will be generated,the generation and extension of ethical time and space will be realized,and then the growth of subjects will be promoted;and making clear the practical stance of educational discipline,and on the premise of upholding the educational standpoint,we must first meet the needs of social norms and respect the personality of subjects although there exist some risks on the part of educational discipline.

关 键 词：教育惩戒 同情 关心 责任 界限 价值 实践 

分 类 号：G639.21[文化科学—教育学]