青海省农牧区小学高年级学生饮料行为现况  

Beverage behaviors of senior primary school students in agricultrual and pastoral areas of Qinghai Province

作　　者：杨素芳 李子晔 张曼 申贵元 王行 池睿欣 张娜[2,4] 马福昌 马冠生[2,4] YANG Sufang;LI Ziye;ZHANG Man;SHEN Guiyuan;WANG Xing;CHI Ruixin;ZHANG Na;MA Fuchang;MA Guansheng(Department for Chronic Non-communcable Disease Control and Prevention,Qinghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xining(810007),China;不详)

机构地区：[1]青海省疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染病预防控制所,西宁810007 [2]北京大学公共卫生学院营养与食品卫生学系 [3]北京大学护理学院 [4]食品安全毒理学研究与评价北京市重点实验室

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2023年第6期814-818,共5页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：达能营养中心膳食营养研究与宣教基金(DIC2020-11)。

摘　　要：目的 了解青海省农牧区高年级小学生饮料行为现状,为当地教育部门制定科学的营养改善计划和措施提供依据。方法 采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样法,选取青海省海南州、海西州和海东市3个地区10所小学的四、五年级969名学生,通过自填问卷调查的方法调查其日常饮料消费现状。采用χ2检验比较不同组间饮料消费率差异。结果 学生在家里、学校和其他地方饮料的消费率分别为96.9%,64.5%和84.9%;学生在家里最常消费的饮料分别为纯牛奶及酸奶(63.1%)、茶水(53.0%)、茶饮料(52.4%);学生在学校最常消费的饮料分别是茶水(29.8%)、纯牛奶及酸奶(27.8%)、茶饮料(18.4%);在其他地方最常消费的饮料分别是茶饮料(42.0%)、碳酸饮料(38.1%)、纯牛奶及酸奶(35.0%)。学生消费饮料原因的前5位分别为好喝(81.2%)、健康有营养(57.6%)、干净卫生(52.6%)、很多同学喜欢喝(39.6%)、家里人常喝(37.7%)。结论 青海省农牧区四、五年级学生普遍存在喝饮料的现象,且含糖饮料比例较高。亟需通过改善学生的饮食环境并开展营养教育,促使其合理选择饮料,养成健康饮食行为。Objective To study the consumption of beverages among senior primary school students in rural and pastoral areas of Qinghai Province,China,in order to provide evidence for the development of nutrition and intervention strategies.Methods A multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was employed to select 969 primary school students in grades 4 and 5 from 10 schools in Hainan Autonomous Prefecture,Haixi Autonomous Prefecture and Haidong City.All participants completed a questionnaire survey on daily beverage consumption.The Chi-square test was performed to compare differences in reported rates of beverage consumption among students in different groups.Results The proportion of students who consumed beverages at home,school and elsewhere were 96.9%,64.5%and 84.9%,respectively.The most popular beverages consumed at home were milk and yogurt(63.1%),tea water(53.0%),and tea drinks(52.4%).The most popular beverages consumed at school were tea(29.8%),milk and yogurt(27.8%)and tea drinks(18.4%),while the most popular beverages consumed in other places were tea drinks(42.0%),carbonated drinks(38.1%)and milk and yogurt(35.0%).The top five reasons for choosing a given beverage were taste delicious(81.2%),nutritious(57.6%),healthy and clean(52.6%),many students like to drink(39.6%),family members often drink(37.7%).Conclusion The consumption of beverages was popular among students,and sugared beverages represented a large proportion of the beverages consumed.Therefore,there is an urgent need to improve the food environment and provide effective nutrition education for students,so as to encourage the consumption of healthy beverages and cultivate healthy eating behaviors.

关 键 词：饮料 饮食习惯 行为 膳食调查 学生 

分 类 号：R153.22[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学] R151.42[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] R179