组学技术在赭曲霉毒素A研究中的应用进展  

Application Progress of Omics Technology in Ochratoxin A Research

作　　者：闫静 阎贺静[1] 王薇薇 李军[1] 朱凤妹[1] YAN Jing;YAN Hejing;WANG Weiwei;LI Jun;ZHU Fengmei(College of Food Science and Technology,Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology,Qinhuangdao,Hebei 066600)

机构地区：[1]河北科技师范学院食品科技学院,河北秦皇岛066600

出　　处：《核农学报》2023年第8期1551-1561,共11页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(32271582);河北省重点研发计划项目(21372801D)。

摘　　要：赭曲霉毒素A(Ochratoxin A,OTA)是人类和动物饮食中最常见的真菌毒素之一,是一种由曲霉或青霉产生的次级代谢产物。OTA具有肝毒性、肾毒性、肠毒性、神经毒性、免疫毒性、致癌、致突变等毒害作用,严重危害人和动物的健康。近年来,不同组学研究发展迅速,基因组学、转录组学和蛋白质组学为确定OTA生物合成的分子关键步骤提供了新的信息,代谢组学技术也广泛用于研究OTA的毒性及其机制。本文从基因组、转录组、蛋白质组以及代谢组等组学技术对OTA的研究进行了综述,并提出了相关研究的发展趋势以及有待解决的问题,利用多组学技术有助于全方面了解OTA,为研究OTA的生物合成、毒性机制及防控提供了理论参考。Ochratoxin A(OTA),one of the most common mycotoxins in the human and animal diet,is a secondary metabolite produced by Aspergillus or Penicillium.The OTA compound is associated with a range of toxic effects,including hepatotoxicity,nephrotoxicity,enterotoxicity,neurotoxicity,immunotoxicity,carcinogenicity,teratogenicity and mutagenesis,posing a serious threat to the health of both humans and animals.In recent years,various omics researches have been developing rapidly.Genomics,transcriptomics and proteomics have contributed significantly to the identification of key molecular steps involved in OTA biosynthesis.Metabolomics is also widely used to evaluate the toxicity and mechanism of OTA.This paper reviews the researches of OTA in terms of genomic,transcriptomic,proteomic and metabolomic technologies,and proposes the trends and issues to be addressed in related research.The use of multi-omics technology can help to understand OTA comprehensively and provide scientific and theoretical reference for the studies of OTA on biosynthesis,toxicity mechanism and prevention and control.

关 键 词：赭曲霉毒素A 基因组学 转录组学 蛋白质组学 代谢组学 

分 类 号：TS201.3[轻工技术与工程—食品科学] S859.8[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]