特殊教育教师的知识分享体验——现象学教育学的视角  

Knowledge Sharing Experience of Special Education Teachers--From the Perspective of Phenomenological Pedagogy

作　　者：张立平 成澳缘 田晶晶 ZHANG Liping;CHENG Aoyuan;TIAN Jingjing(Faculty of Education,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin,300387,China)

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学教育学部,天津300387

出　　处：《教育与教学研究》2023年第8期45-57,共13页Education and Teaching Research

基　　金：全国教育科学规划2020年度教育部重点课题“地方公费师范生乡土情怀培养研究”(编号:DIA200346)。

摘　　要：知识分享是实现教师队伍共同发展的重要途径,而现象学教育学坚持“回到实事本身”的态度和对生活体验进行描述分析的方式,为直观地认识教师知识分享的本质提供了方法论。通过分析教师的关系体验、环境体验以及认同体验,特殊教育教师生活世界中的知识分享现象得以描述,呈现了知识分享“是什么样子”。基于对教师知识分享体验文本的分析与反思,进一步揭示特殊教育教师知识分享活动中“为什么这样”的因素,即社会规范约束教师知识分享的规则、相对资源引发教师知识分享的行为、最小需求平衡教师知识分享的意愿。因此,要有针对性地加强教师知识分享的规范指导、优化学校的合作文化氛围、推进特殊教育教师知识共享机制的健全完善,从而促进教师的知识分享与专业发展。Knowledge sharing is an important means to realize the common development of teachers,and phenomenological pedagogy provides a methodology to understand the essence of teachers'knowledge sharing intuitively because it adheres to the attitude of"going back to reality itself"and the way of describing and analyzing life experience.Through the analysis of teachers'relationship experience,environmental experience and identity experience in knowledge sharing,the phenomenon of knowledge sharing in the life world of special education teachers is described,showing what knowledge sharing is like.Based on the analysis and reflection of teachers'knowledge sharing experience texts,the factors of"why"in special education teachers'knowledge sharing activities are further revealed,namely,social norms constrain teachers'knowledge sharing rules,relative resources trigger teachers'knowledge sharing behaviors,and minimal needs balance teachers'willingness to share knowledge.Therefore,it is necessary to strengthen the normative guidance of teachers'knowledge sharing,optimize the cooperative cultural atmosphere of schools,and promote the perfection of the knowledge sharing mechanism of special education teachers,so as to promote teachers'knowledge sharing and professional development.

关 键 词：教师知识分享 特殊教育 现象学教育学 体验 社会交换理论 

分 类 号：G451.2[文化科学—教育学]