解读学生成长百分等级模型:义务教育学校考试增值评价的突破口  

Interpreting the Student Growth Percentile Model:A Breakthrough in Value-added Assessment of Compulsory Education School Examination

作　　者：谢小蓉 张辉蓉[1,2] XIE Xiaorong;ZHANG Huirong(Faculty of Education,Southwest University,Chongqing,400715,China;Basic Education Research Center,Southwest University,Chongqing,400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学教育学部,重庆400715 [2]西南大学基础教育研究中心,重庆400715

出　　处：《教育与教学研究》2023年第8期108-119,共12页Education and Teaching Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“新时代义务教育学校效能的统计测度与评价研究”(编号:21BTJ021)。

摘　　要：考试是义务教育教学工作的重要环节,是促进学生全面发展、健康成长的核心举措。针对当前义务教育学校考试存在的结果使用不当、异化考试功能等问题,学生成长百分等级模型(Student Growth Percentile Model,以下简称SGP)可以提供新的解决思路和方法。SGP是通过对“学业同伴”成绩的比较,计算出学生在这一与自己水平相近群体中的百分等级的一种增值评价模型,能有效转变已有考试评价对学生分数的过度重视倾向。基于对SGP的基础原理的分析,发现我国在运用该模型时存在对模型运用原理不了解、缺乏收集模型数据的系统、对模型操作方法不熟悉等问题。后续研究可以通过明确考试评价的目的与试卷设计标准、收集学生的考试成绩及基本信息数据、利用SGP进行增值评价、合理利用SGP分析结果评价学生成长等路径优化义务教育学校考试增值评价。Examination is an important link in the teaching of compulsory education and a core measure to promote the all-round development and healthy growth of students.In view of the problems existing in the current compulsory education school examination,such as improper use of the results and alienation of the examination function,the student growth percentile model can provide new solutions and methods to solve them.The student growth percentile model is a value-added assessment model that calculates the percentile of students in this group similar to their own level through the comparison of the scores of"academic peers",which can effectively change the emphasis on students'scores in the existing examination evaluation.Based on the analysis of the basic principle underlying the student growth percentile model,it is found that there are some problems in applying the model in our country,such as lack of understanding of the application principle of the model,lack of system for collecting model data,and lack of familiarity with the operation method of the model.The follow-up research can optimize the value-added assessment of the examinations in compulsory education schools by clarifying the purpose of examination evaluation and test paper design standards,collecting students'examination scores and basic information data,using the student growth percentile model for value-added assessment,and reasonably using the analysis results of the model to evaluate student's growth.

关 键 词：学生成长百分等级模型 增值评价 考试评价 义务教育 

分 类 号：C622.47[社会学]