平菇、香菇和杏鲍菇对小麦秸秆纤维物质降解能力最优菌株的筛选  

Screening the best strains of Pleurotus ostreatus,Lentinus edodes and Pleurotus eryngii for the degradation of wheat straw fiber

作　　者：高旭红 毛磊 徐立春 熊丽萍 梁小军 GAO Xuhong;MAO lei;XU Lichun;XIONG Liping;LIANG Xiaojun(Institute of Animal Science,Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750002,China;Ningxia Polytechnic,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750002,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院动物科学研究所,宁夏银川750002 [2]宁夏职业技术学院,宁夏银川750002

出　　处：《中国饲料》2023年第15期148-152,共5页China Feed

基　　金：宁夏农林科学院农业高质量发展和生态保护科技创新示范项目(NGSB-2021-12-10);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业(肉牛牦牛)业技术体系资助(CARS-37)。

摘　　要：为筛选平菇、香菇和杏鲍菇对小麦秸秆纤维物质降解能力最优菌株,本试验以小麦秸秆为培养基质,分别接种16株平菇、3株香菇和4株杏鲍菇,于23℃下避光培养48 d后测定发酵底物中pH和纤维物质含量,筛选纤维物质降解效果最优菌株。结果表明:1号平菇菌株的中性洗涤纤维含量极显著低于3号、5号、6号、7号、8号、9号、10号、11号和12号菌株(P<0.01),酸性洗涤纤维含量极显著低于5号、8号和11号菌株(P<0.01),纤维素含量极显著低于2号、5号、6号、8号、15号菌株(P<0.01),综纤维素含量极显著低于2号、3号、4号、5号、6号、7号、8号、9号、10号、11号、12号、13号、14号和15号菌株(P<0.01);2号香菇菌株的中性洗涤纤维含量、半纤维素含量和综纤维素含量极显著低于1号菌株(P<0.01),酸不溶木质素含量显著低于1号菌株(P<0.05)。4号杏鲍菇菌株的中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、半纤维素含量最低,酸不溶木质素含量显著低于2号菌株(P<0.05)。综上所述,1号(早冠1号)平菇、2号(40-1)香菇和4号(T-xbg1302)杏鲍菇对小麦秸秆的纤维物质降解能力最好,达到2.64%~62.98%,可为真菌处理秸秆饲料提供参考。The purpose of this study was to screen the best strains of Pleurotus ostreatus,Lentinus edodes and Pleurotus eryngii for the degradation of wheat straw fiber.Wheat straw was used as culture medium to inoculate 16 strains of Pleurotus ostreatus,7 strains of Lentinus edodes and 4 strains of Pleurotus eryngii,cultured at 23℃for 48 d in the dark.After the fermentation,determined pH and fiber content in the fermentation substrate to screen the best strains.The results showed as follows:the neutral detergent fiber(NDF)content of No.1 Pleurotus ostreatus strain was significantly lower than that of strains No.3,No.5,No.6,No.7,No.8,No.9,No.10,No.11 and No.12(P<0.01),the acid detergent fiber(ADF)content was significantly lower than that of strains No.5,No.8 and No.11(P<0.01),the cellulose(CL)content was significantly lower than that of strains No.2,No.5,No.6,No.8 and No.15(P<0.01),and the holocellulose(HOC)content was significantly lower than that of strains No.2,No.3,No.4,No.5,No.6,No.7,No.8,No.9,No.10,No.11,No.12,No.13,No.14 and No.15(P<0.01);The content of NDF,hemicellulose(HC)and HOC of No.2 Lentinus edodes strain was significantly lower than that of No.1 strain(P<0.01),and the content of acid detergent lignin(ADL)was significantly lower than that of No.1 strain(P<0.05).The content of NDF,ADF and HC of No.4 Pleurotus eryngii strain was the lowest,and the content of ADL was significantly lower than that of No.2 strain(P<0.05).The results indicated that No.1(Zaoguan No.1)Pleurotus ostreatus,No.2(40-1)Lentinus edodes and No.4(T-xbg1302)Pleurotus eryngii had the best fiber degradation ability to wheat straw,reaching 2.64%~62.98%,which could provide reference for fungi to treat straw feed.

关 键 词：平菇 香菇 杏鲍菇 小麦秸秆 纤维物质 

分 类 号：S816.5[农业科学—饲料科学]