同伴关系与幼儿问题行为关系的三水平元分析  

The Association between Peer Relationship and Preschoolers'Problem Behavior:A Three-level Meta-analysis

作　　者：牛湘 冉光明[1] NIU Xiang;RAN Guangming(Department of Psychology,School of Education,China West Normal University,Nanchong 637002)

机构地区：[1]西华师范大学教育学院心理系,南充637002

出　　处：《心理发展与教育》2023年第4期473-487,共15页Psychological Development and Education

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(31900760)。

摘　　要：当前研究采用三水平元分析的方法来明确同伴关系的两维度(同伴接纳和同伴拒绝)与幼儿问题行为之间的真实关系,并探讨了影响二者关系的调节变量。通过系统的文献检索,共获得23项研究,含156个效应量,涉及被试4510名。主效应检验发现,同伴接纳与幼儿问题行为之间呈显著负相关,而同伴拒绝与幼儿问题行为呈显著正相关,且同伴拒绝与幼儿问题行为之间的相关程度大于同伴接纳与幼儿问题行为之间的相关程度。调节效应检验表明,同伴接纳与幼儿问题行为之间的负相关关系受到幼儿年龄、问题行为的分类、问题行为的测量工具和研究设计(横向和纵向研究)的调节,但不受幼儿性别、父母受教育程度、问题行为的报告者与出版年份/状态的影响。此外,同伴拒绝与幼儿问题行为的正相关关系被文化背景调节,不被幼儿性别、年龄、家庭经济状况、评估特征(问题行为的测量工具、报告者和分类)、研究设计(横向和纵向研究)以及出版特征(出版年份/状态)所影响。以上结果说明同伴接纳和同伴拒绝分别是幼儿问题行为的保护性因子和风险性因子,对它们关系的研究有利于家长和教育工作者对幼儿问题行为进行针对性干预和指导。The present study used a three-level meta-analysis to investigate the association between peer relationship and preschoolers'problem behavior,and examining a range of moderators(sample,publication,assessment char-acteristics,and study design).Through a systematic search,23 studies and 156 effect sizes together with 4510 par-ticipants fitted in the standard of the meta-analysis.The overall effect test demonstrated that peer acceptance was negatively associated with preschoolers'problem behavior.However,peer rejection was positively associated with preschoolers'problem behavior,and the correlation between peer rejection and preschoolers'problem behavior was stronger than peer acceptance.In addition,the negative association between peer acceptance and preschoolers'problem behavior was moderated by the children's age,types of problem behavior,measurement tools of problem behavior and study design(cross-sectional and longitudinal study),while it was not moderated by the gender,par-ent's educational level,informant of problem behavior,and publication year and status.In the peer rejection,we found that the positive association between peer rejection and preschoolers'problem behavior was only moderated by culture.However,the moderating effects of children's gender,age,socioeconomic status,types of problem be-havior,measurement tools of problem behavior,informant of problem behavior,study design,and publication year and status were non-significant.The current results showed that peer acceptance and peer rejection were the protec-tive and risk factors of children's problem behavior respectively.Exploring the association between peer relation-ship and preschoolers'problem behavior was conducive to the targeted intervention and guidance of parents and ed-ucators on preschoolers'problem behavior.

关 键 词：幼儿 同伴接纳 同伴拒绝 问题行为 调节效应 三水平元分析 

分 类 号：B844[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]