化学平衡定量解析的三种手段:化学性质、数学证明和实例验证  

Three Means of Quantitative Analysis of Chemical Equilibrium:Chemical Property,Mathematical Proof,and Instance Verification

作　　者：邵利民[1] SHAO Li-Min(Department of Chemistry,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学化学系,安徽合肥230026

出　　处：《化学教育（中英文）》2023年第14期111-118,共8页Chinese Journal of Chemical Education

基　　金：安徽省教学团队项目(2021jxtd322)。

摘　　要：化学平衡定量解析可以基于化学性质、数学证明和实例验证。这3种手段在分析化学教材中虽然有所体现,却鲜见系统叙述。本文通过滴定突跃端点和准确滴定判别等4个例题,从实施难易程度、信息丰富程度和结论可靠程度等方面比较这3种手段。这3种手段并非化学平衡定量解析所特有,而是体现了具有普遍意义的问题解决模式。了解这些模式,辅以当前发达的数值计算软件,对于大学生建立科学思维方式和培养逻辑推理能力不无裨益。本文例题涉及到一些重要的分析化学知识点,深入探讨也有助于课程学习。Three means are discussed and summarized for quantitative analysis of chemical equilibrium,namely chemical property,mathematical proof,and instance verification.These means are seen in most textbooks of analytical chemistry,but seldom introduced systematically.In this paper,the three means are thoroughly discussed and compared with respect to difficulty of implementation,richness of information,and rigorousness of conclusion.Four examples are used to illustrate the three means,including endpoints of titration jump,and feasibility of titration.It is noteworthy that the three means are not limited to quantitative analysis of chemical equilibrium;instead they represent universal solutions that benefit undergraduates in establishing scientific thinking and logic reasoning.

关 键 词：分析化学 定量解析 滴定突跃 准确滴定判别 

分 类 号：G642[文化科学—高等教育学] O642.43-4[文化科学—教育学]