山稻米糠油营养成分分析与比较  

Analysis and Comparison of Nutritional Components of Upland Rice Bran Oil

作　　者：秦玉川[1] 徐新快 王衍彬[1] 王丽玲[1] 贺亮[1] 方茹[1] 程俊文[1] 钱华[1] Qin Yuchuan;Xu Xinkuai;Wang Yanbin;Wang Liling;He Liang;Fang Ru;Cheng Junwen;Qian Hua(Zhejiang Academy of Forestry,Hangzhou 310023;Linhai Forestry Technology Extension and Rural Tourism Service Station,Linhai 317099)

机构地区：[1]浙江省林业科学研究院,杭州310023 [2]临海市林业技术推广和场圃旅游服务总站,临海317099

出　　处：《中国粮油学报》2023年第7期140-147,共8页Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association

基　　金：浙江省重点研发项目(2018C02042)。

摘　　要：分别对江南地区栽培较广的3个山稻品种进行了米糠含油率、脂肪酸组成、不皂化物含量与组成、-谷维素含量的分析,并与水稻和旱稻米糠油进行对比。结果表明,3个山稻品种米糠含油率均高于水稻和旱稻,最高的是山稻18号,含油率达(23.08±2.20)%;脂肪酸组成最丰富的是山稻14号,共检出14种脂肪酸,必需脂肪酸质量分数最高的是山稻5号,仅次于旱稻,达35.83%,最低的是14号,为28.31%;米糠油不皂化物中含量最高的是甾醇类化合物,3个山稻品种中植物甾醇质量分数均超过总不皂化物的50%;山稻18号角鲨烯含量最高,仅次于旱稻,达1168.91mg/kg;5种米糠油中γ-谷维素含量从高到底分别为山稻18号、山稻5号、旱稻、山稻14号和水稻,γ-谷维素质量分数分别为(20.74±0.08)、(18.26±0.08)、(16.68±0.88)、(14.72±0.31)、(12.61±0.11)mg/g,5个品种间γ-谷维素含量差异极显著(P<0.01)。山稻米糠含油率较高,脂肪酸组成丰富,油中植物甾醇和γ-谷维素等含量均高于传统栽培的水稻和旱稻,是一种极具潜力的食用油。Oil content,fatty acid composition,content and composition of unsaponifiable andγ-oryzanol content of rice bran oil from three upland rice varieties widely cultivated in southern China were analyzed and compared with rice and dry rice bran oil.The results indicated that the rice bran oil content of the three upland rice varieties was higher than that of rice and dry rice,and the oil content of upland rice No.18 was(23.08±2.20)%.Upland rice No.14 was the most abundant in fatty acid composition,with 14 kinds of fatty acids detected.Upland rice No.5 had the highest essential fatty acid content,second only to dry rice(35.83%),and upland rice No.14 had the lowest essential fatty acid content,which was 28.31%.The highest content of sterols of unsaponified compounds in rice bran oil was phytosterols,and the content of phytosterols in three upland rice varieties was more than 50%of the total unsaponified compounds.The squalene content of upland rice No.18 was the highest after dry rice,reaching 1,168.91 mg/kg.The contents ofγ-glutamin in the five-rice bran decreased in the following order:upland rice No.18>upland rice No.5>dry rice>upland rice No.14>rice.The content ofγ-glutamate was(20.74±0.08),(18.26±0.08),(16.68±0.88),(14.72±0.31)and(12.61±0.11)mg/g,respectively,and the difference ofγ-glutamate content among five cultivars was significant(P<0.01).Upland rice bran had higher oil content,rich fatty acid composition,higher phytosterol andγ-glutamine content than traditional rice and dry rice,being a kind of edible oil with great potential.

关 键 词：山稻 米糠油 营养成分 

分 类 号：TS222[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]