茶树修剪老叶成分分析及利用塔宾曲霉制备茶褐素的条件优化  

Composition Analysis of Trimmed Old Leaves from Tea Trees and Its Applicationin Theabrownin Production by Aspergillus tubingensis

作　　者：白健 龚加顺[1] 艾桄屹 王秋萍[1] Bai Jian;Gong Jiashun;Ai Guangyi;Wang Qiuping(College of Food Science and Technology,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学食品科学技术学院,昆明650201

出　　处：《中国食品学报》2023年第7期250-258,共9页Journal of Chinese Institute Of Food Science and Technology

基　　金：云南省基础研究计划项目(2019FB051);云南省重大科技专项计划项目(202102AE090027,202102AE090027-1)。

摘　　要：以大叶晒青茶(正常和粗老)为对照,分析冬季茶树修剪老叶的理化性质,并以修剪老叶水提物为原料,接种塔宾曲霉,纯菌株液态发酵制备茶褐素。结果表明,正常和粗老大叶晒青茶的营养成分差异小,冬季茶树修剪老叶的水溶性多糖、氨基酸、蛋白质、总多酚、总黄酮、儿茶素、茶黄素、茶红素和茶褐素含量均显著低于正常和粗老大叶晒青茶(P<0.05),而水溶性总糖显著高于正常和粗老茶(P<0.05)。塔宾曲霉发酵茶树修剪老叶水提物合成茶褐素的最优条件为:水提物质量浓度10 g/L,发酵温度40℃,摇床转速150 r/min。在最优条件下,茶褐素的含量为5.78 g/L,生成速率0.026 g/L·h,底物转化率3.922 g/g。本研究为提升冬季茶树修剪老叶的综合利用,降低茶褐素的生产成本提供依据。Physicochemical properties of trimmed old leaves from tea trees were analyzed in comparison with normal and older large-leaf sun-dried tea(Camellia sinesis Var.assamica).Moreover,water extract was prepared from trimmed old tea leaves,which was then inoculated with Aspergillus tubingensis for theabrownin(TB)production via submerged fermentation.Results showed that there was little difference in nutritional components between normal and older large-leaf sun-dried tea.However,contents of water-soluble polysaccharides,amino acids,protein,total polyphenols,total flavonoids,catechins,theaflavins,thearubigins and TB of trimmed old tea leaves were significantly lower than those of normal and older large-leaf sun-dried tea(P<0.05).In contrast,its total water-soluble carbohydrates were significantly higher than that of normal and older large-leaf sun-dried tea.The optimum condition for TB production from water extract of trimmed old tea leaves by A.tubingensis was as follows:mass concentration of water extract 10 g/L,temperature 40℃,shaking speed 150 r/min.Under this condition,TB concentration reached 5.78 g/L,production rate 0.026 g/L·h,and yield 3.922 g/g.This study can provide basis for comprehensive utilization of trimmed old tea leaves and reducing production cost of TB.

关 键 词：茶树修剪老叶 理化性质 塔宾曲霉 液态发酵 茶褐素 

分 类 号：TS272.4[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]