横风下车体运动对高速列车气动性能的影响  

Effect of car-body vibration on aerodynamic performance of high-speed trains under crosswind conditions

作　　者：鲁寨军[1,2,3] 王甲强 梁习锋[1,2,3] 张梓轩 蔺童童 刘东润 LU Zhaijun;WANG Jiaqiang;LIANG Xifeng;ZHANG Zixuan;LIN Tongtong;LIU Dongrun(Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on the Track of Ministry of Education,School of Traffic&Transportation Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China;Joint International Research Laboratory of Key Technology for Rail Traffic Safety,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China;National&Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Safety Technology for Rail Vehicle,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学交通运输工程学院轨道交通安全教育部重点实验室,湖南长沙410075 [2]中南大学轨道交通安全关键技术国际合作联合实验室,湖南长沙410075 [3]中南大学轨道交通列车安全保障技术国家地方联合工程研究中心,湖南长沙410075

出　　处：《铁道科学与工程学报》2023年第7期2419-2430,共12页Journal of Railway Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家博士后创新人才计划资助项目(BX2021379)。

摘　　要：为揭示横风下车体运动对高速列车气动性能的影响规律,通过数值模拟对典型车体运动形态下的横风气动性能开展研究。首先基于实车试验确定了横风下的车体典型运动形态并定义研究工况,然后通过改进的延迟分离涡模拟(IDDES)方法详细分析不同工况下的车体与转向架的气动载荷,以及列车周围的流场结构与表面压力变化情况。研究结果表明:横风下高速列车车体运动主要表现为侧滚与横移,车体的侧滚运动对列车升力的影响最明显,头、中、尾车升力均随着车体从迎风侧向背风侧运动而增大,并且车体向背风侧运动时,头车升力增大的幅度大于车体向迎风侧运动相同角度时减小的幅度;当车体运动时,第1转向架横向力、升力与倾覆力矩均增大;车体运动对列车头部、背风侧以及尾部的流动均有较明显的影响,车体向背风侧运动时,头车鼻尖区域流速降低,尾车鼻尖位置的高速流区扩大,并且由头部位置分离在背风侧形成的旋涡结构与车体的夹角呈增大趋势,旋涡流速减小;车体向迎风侧运动时,头车鼻尖区域流速增大,尾车鼻尖位置的高速流区缩小,并且从头部位置分离在背风侧形成的旋涡结构与车体的夹角呈减小趋势,而旋涡流速增大。To reveal the effect of car-body vibration on the aerodynamic performance of high-speed trains under cross wind,this study investigated the train aerodynamic performance under different car-body vibration cases in windy conditions.Firstly,the fundamental characteristic vibration of the car-body under crosswind conditions was determined based on the full-scale tests.The cases of this study were defined.Then,the aerodynamic loads of the car-body and bogies,the flow field structure and surface pressure changes around the train under different cases were analyzed in detail using the Improved Delayed Separation Eddy Simulation(IDDES)method.The results are drawn.The car-body vibration under crosswind conditions is mainly manifested as car-body rolling and lateral movement.The car-body rolling has the most significant effect on the lift force of the head,middle and tail cars.The lift force increases when the car-body moves from the windward side to the leeward side.When the car-body moves to the leeward side,the magnitude of the increase in the head car lift force is greater than the decrease when the car-body moves to the windward side at the same angle.When the car-body moves,the lateral force,lift force and overturning moment of the first bogie all increase.The movement of the car-body has a significant effect on the flow of the head,leeward side and tail of the train.When the car-body moves to the leeward side,the flow velocity in the nose tip area of the head car decreases,the high-speed flow area at the nose tip of the tail car expands,and the angle between the vortex structure formed on the leeward side separated from the head position and the car-body tends to increase,while the vortex flow velocity decreases.When the car-body moves to the windward side,the flow velocity in the nose tip area of the head car increases,the high-speed flow area at the nose tip of the tail car tends to shrink.The angle between the vortex structure formed on the leeward side separated from the head position and the car-body tends to

关 键 词：车体运动 横风 列车空气动力学 高速列车 

分 类 号：U270.33[机械工程—车辆工程]