绿茶抑菌成分提取工艺优化研究  

Optimization of the Extraction Process of Antibacterial Ingredients in Green Tea

作　　者：殷一明 赵德刚 郑文佳[3] YIN Yiming;ZHAO Degang;ZHENG Wenjia(Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region,College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-bioengineering,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Guizhou Plant Conservation Technology Application Engineering Research Center,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang 550006,China;Tea Research Institute,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang 550009,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学生命科学学院/农业生物工程研究院山地植物资源保护与种质创新省部共建教育部重点实验室,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州省农业科学院植物保育技术应用工程研究中心,贵州贵阳550006 [3]贵州省农业科学院茶叶研究所,贵州贵阳550009

出　　处：《中国茶叶》2023年第8期10-17,共8页China Tea

基　　金：遵义市科技支撑类项目(遵市科合支撑NS[2020]25号);贵州省人才办“贵州省特色植物种质资源利用与创新人才基地”(RCJD2018-14)。

摘　　要：为了实现多指标筛选绿茶中抑菌成分,对其提取工艺进行了优化。以3个贵州特色茶树品种(黔茶1号、黔湄419、黔湄601)夏季的一芽三叶为原料,福鼎大白茶为对照,分别加工成绿茶,采用双层平板法比较抑菌活性,并测定各提取物活性成分的含量,以相关成分的含量为指标设计正交试验研究提取工艺。结果表明,4个茶树品种绿茶甲醇提取物与水提取物共8个样品均表现出一定的抑菌效果,其中黔茶1号绿茶醇提取物的抑菌效果最佳。相关性分析表明,与抑菌作用呈相关关系的成分有总酚、总黄酮、儿茶素类、EGCG、ECG和EC。以上述6种成分为指标,最佳的提取工艺条件为:浸提时间12 min,浸提温度70℃,料液质量体积比1∶25,甲醇体积分数75%。3次平行验证RSD值均在5%以内。综上所述,本研究优选出的甲醇提取工艺条件科学合理、简单可行,可为黔茶1号的进一步研究和生产抑菌产品提供理论依据。In order to achieve multi indicator screening of antibacterial components in green tea,the extraction process was optimized.Three Guizhou characteristic tea cultivars('Qiancha 1''Qianmei 419''Qianmei 601')were used as raw materials in summer,with one bud and three leaves as raw materials.'Fudingdabaicha'was used as the control.These materials were processed into green tea.The antibacterial activity of each extract was compared using the double-layer plate method.The contents of active ingredients in each extract were determined.An orthogonal experiment was designed to study the extraction process,with the contents of related components as the index.The results showthat a total of 8 samples ofmethanol andwater extracts fromfour tea cultivars('Fudingdabaicha''Qiancha 1''Qianmei 419''Qianmei 601')exhibited certain bacteriostatic effects.Among these samples,themethanol extract of'Qiancha 1'green tea showed the best antibacterial effect.Correlation analysis reveals that the components related to antibacterial activities include total phenols,total fla-vonoids,catechins,EGCG,ECG,and EC.Based on the above six components as the index,the best extraction process conditions are extraction time of 12minutes,extraction temperature at 70℃,material-liquid ratio of 1∶25,andmethanol concentration of 75%.The relative standard deviation(RSD)values of three parallel verifications were within 5%.The methanol extraction conditions selected in this study are scientific,reasonable,simple and feasible,which can provide a theoretical basis for further research and production of bacteriostatic products using'Qiancha 1'as raw material.

关 键 词：绿茶 抑菌 提取工艺 优化 

分 类 号：TS272.5[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]