基于GBS测序的古蔺野生茶树遗传多样性与群体遗传结构分析  

Genetic diversity and structure analysis of Gulin wild tea resources based on GBS technology

作　　者：王小萍[1] 刘飞[1] 李明红 张厅[1] 赖谦 刘晓[1] 熊元元 唐晓波[1] 李春华[1] 王云[1] WANG Xiao-ping;LIU Fei;LI Ming-hong;ZHANG Ting;LAI Qian;LIU Xiao;XIONG Yuan-yuan;TANG Xiao-bo;LI Chun-hua;WANG Yun(Tea Research Institute of Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chengdu 610066,China;Economic Crops Station of Luzhou,Luzhou,Sichuan 646000,China;Agriculture and Rural Bureau of Gulin County,Gulin,Sichuan 646500,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院茶叶研究所,成都610066 [2]泸州市经济作物站,四川泸州646000 [3]古蔺县农业农村局,四川古蔺646500

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2023年第6期1141-1149,共9页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：四川省科技厅应用基础项目(2019YJ0600);四川茶叶创新团队特色新品种选育及示范推广项目(sccxtd-2023-10);四川省财政自主专项(2022ZZCX055);四川省“十四五”茶树育种攻关项目(2021YFYZ0025);四川省农业科学院“1+9”揭榜挂帅科技攻关项目(1+9KJGG003);四川省农业科学院拔尖人才项目(2020BJRC020);泸州市重点研发项目(2020-NYF-15)。

摘　　要：[目的]研究古蔺县野生茶树的遗传多样性和群体遗传结构,揭示其遗传分化特征。[方法]利用GBS技术对65份野生茶树进行简化基因组测序,基于获得的高质量SNP,对参试野生茶树进行遗传多样性参数、遗传分化Fst变量、系统进化、PCA主成分以及遗传结构分析。[结果]65份野生茶树测序共获得74.48G数据,540633846条高质量reads,通过比对获得769893个高质量SNP;平均有效等位基因数为1.1284个,多态性位点比例(PPL)为57.33%,观测等位基因数(Na)为0.4267~0.9147,最小等位基因频率(Maf)为0.1514~0.5000,基因多样性指数(Nei)与期望杂合度(He)变化范围分别为0.0632~0.1328和0.0404~0.1233多态性信息含量(PIC)介于0.0312~0.1025,香农指数(Shi)为0.0576~0.1990,遗传分化指数Fst变化范围为-0.7042~0.4372;遗传结构与系统进化分析可将65份野生茶树材料划分为2个亚群,而PCA分析则可划分为4个亚群。[结论]65份野生茶树遗传多样性指数较低,亲缘关系较近,存在频繁的基因交流。本研究可为后续表型性状关联分析和品种选育提供依据。[Objective]To demonstrate the genetic differentiation characteristics of wild tea trees in Gulin county,the genetic diversity and population genetic structure were studied.[Method]The simplified genome sequencing of 65 wild tea trees was performed using GBS technol-ogy.Genetic diversity parameters,genetic differentiated Fst variables,phylogenetic evolution,PCA principal components,and genetic structure were analyzed based on obtained high quality SNPs.[Result]A total of 540633846 high-quality reads with 74.48 G data were ob-tained.769893 high-quality SNPs were called through comparison.The average effective alleles of the participating samples were1.1284 and the polymorphism site ratio(PPL)was 57.33%.Observed number of alleles(Na)was 0.4267 to 0.9147.Minimum allele frequency(Maf)was 0.1514 to 0.5000.Genetic diversity in dex(Nei)and expected heterozygosity(He)ranged from 0.0632 to 0.1328 and 0.0404 to 0.1233,respectively.Polymorphism Information Content(PIC)was 0.0312 to 0.1025.Shannon index(Shi)was 0.0576 to 0.1990 and the Fst variation range of the genetic differentiation index was-0.7042 to 0.4372.The 65 wild tea trees were divided into two subgroups based on genetic structure and phylogenetic evolution,while they were divided into four subgroups based on PCA analysis.[Conclusion]The 65 wild tea trees have low genetic diversity index,close relationship and frequent gene exchange.The study can provide a basis for subsequent phenotypic traits association analysis and variety breeding.

关 键 词：GBS测序 古蔺 野生茶树 遗传多样性 遗传结构 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]