高速动车组噪声控制技术研究  

Research of Noise Control Technology for High-speed EMU

作　　者：丁叁叁 赵艳菊 帅仁忠 张海进 赵振飞 DING Sansan;ZHAO Yanju;SHUAI Renzhong;ZHANG Haijin;ZHAO Zhenfei(CRRC Qingdao Sifang Locomotive&Rolling Stock Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266111,China)

机构地区：[1]中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司,山东青岛266111

出　　处：《铁道车辆》2023年第4期18-22,共5页Rolling Stock

摘　　要：为满足人们对高速列车“高速、舒适”的要求,文章开展了高速列车的噪声控制技术研究,从原理出发,研究了高速列车噪声特征及多噪声源辨识方法,分析了能量传播分布规律,通过测试分析车辆的噪声源特性获取了转向架区、车体表面和受电弓区等车辆的主要噪声源和贡献率。为了降低车外噪声传递到车内的能量,对隔声起主要作用的车体型材进行了声学性能优化。为此,将声学灵敏度分析引入到车体型材优化中,在VA ONE软件平台的声学计算模块建立了材料参数、厚度、角度等多参数化的优化模型,采用DOE优化算法进行了迭代分析,开发了隔声量最大和参数最优的设计方案,最终提出了筋板角度优化方案。在此基础上,针对高速列车受电弓车辆建立了SEA声学模型,通过整车声学仿真计算预测了车内的噪声等级。结果表明,优化后车内客室中部噪声的A计权声压级降低了3 dB,降噪效果较为明显,验证了优化方案的有效性。To render“high-speed and comfort”for people for high-speed trains,this article has addressed the research of noise control technology for high-speed trains.Started with the principles,the characteristics of noise from high-speed trains and methods of identification of multiple noise sources have been put under research during which the laws of energy propagation and distribution have been analyzed.Also testing and analysis of the characteristics of noise sources on the vehicles have been performed to obtain main noise sources in the areas of bogie,surface of carbody and pantograph as well as their ratio of contribution.The profiles,which plays a major role in sound insulation,for carbody has been acoustically optimized to reduce amount of energy transmitted into the vehicle by external noise.Hence,analysis of acoustic sensitivity has been introduced into the optimization of profiles for carbody.In the acoustic calculation module in the VA ONE software platform,optimized model has been established for material parameters,thickness,angles and etc.DOE optimization algorithm has been adopted for iterative analysis to develop design scheme for maximum sound insulation level and optimum parameters.In the end,the scheme for optimized angle of rib plates has been put forth.On such basis,SEA acoustic model has been established for the pantograph on the high-speed trains.Acoustic simulation and calculation of entire vehicle has been performed to predict the levels of noise inside the vehicle.The results indicate A-weighting sound pressure level after optimization in the middle of the passenger compartment of the vehicle is reduced by 3 dB.The effects of noise reduction are quite apparent.This verifies the effectiveness of such optimization scheme.

关 键 词：高速动车组 噪声源 声学灵敏度 隔声特性 声学仿真 

分 类 号：U266.2[机械工程—车辆工程]