佛山市售稻米及其制品中的高氯酸盐污染特征分析  

Perchlorate characteristics of rice and rice products sold in markets in Foshan,China

作　　者：顾春晖[1] 肖雪花[1] 卢清霞 江燕楠 庞智锋[1] 钟国强[1] GU Chunhui;XIAO Xuehua;LU Qingxia;JIANG Yannan;PANG Zhifeng;ZHONG Guoqiang(Foshan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangdong Foshan 528000,China)

机构地区：[1]佛山市疾病预防控制中心,广东佛山528000

出　　处：《中国食品卫生杂志》2023年第5期706-711,共6页Chinese Journal of Food Hygiene

摘　　要：目的了解佛山市市售稻米及其制品中的高氯酸盐污染情况,为标准制订和风险管理提供理论基础。方法2021年3月采集佛山市5个区25个街道的农贸市场、超市、餐饮店和母婴店销售的稻米及其制品共233份,采用液相色谱串联质谱仪法检测样中高氯酸盐浓度,分析稻米及其制品中的高氯酸盐污染特征。结果高氯酸盐在稻米样品中检出率为57.8%(52/90),湿米粉为98.8%(79/80),糯米制品为90%(18/20),特色米制品为100%(12/12),婴幼儿辅食为87.1%(27/31)。稻米样品中的高氯酸盐平均浓度为2.5μg/kg,湿米粉为6.5μg/kg,糯米制品为3.7μg/kg,特色米制品为4.3μg/kg,婴幼儿谷类辅食为5.5μg/kg。不同稻米亚种中,籼米样品中的高氯酸盐平均浓度为2.9μg/kg,粳米为0.5μg/kg,糯米为4.2μg/kg。结论市售稻米及其制品中的高氯酸盐污染较为普遍,其中稻米的高氯酸盐污染水平低于稻米制品和婴幼儿辅食,而湿米粉是稻米制品中高氯酸盐污染水平最高的一种,婴幼儿辅食中的高氯酸盐污染水平也较高。Objective To investigate the concentration of perchlorate in rice and its products sold in Foshan and provide a theoretical basis for formulating food safety standards and risk management.Methods In March 2021,233 samples of rice and its products sold in 25 communities from the five districts of Foshan were collected from farmers’markets,supermarkets,restaurants,and maternal and child stores.An LC/MS-based method was utilized to evaluate the perchlorate concentration in the rice and rice products.Results Perchlorate was detected in 57.8%(52/90)of rice samples,98.8%(79/80)of wet rice noodles samples,90%(18/20)of glutinous rice products,100%(12/12)of local rice products,and 87.1%(27/31)of baby complementary rice-based food samples.The average concentrations of perchlorate were 2.5μg/kg in rice samples,6.5μg/kg in wet rice noodles samples,3.7μg/kg in glutinous rice products samples,4.3μg/kg in local rice products samples,and 5.5μg/kg in baby complementary rice-based food samples.Among different types of rice,the average concentration of perchlorate was 2.9μg/kg in indica rice,0.5μg/kg in japonica rice,and 4.2μg/kg in glutinous rice.Conclusion Perchlorate pollution is prevalent in rice and rice products sold in the markets of Foshan.Lower levels are detected in rice compared with rice products and infant/young children’s complementary foods.Wet rice noodles have the highest level of perchlorate contamination among rice products;the second highest level of perchlorate contamination was detected in baby complementary rice-based foods.

关 键 词：高氯酸盐 稻米 稻米制品 婴幼儿米类辅食 

分 类 号：R155[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]