小学生数学学业成绩影响因素及教学建议  

Influencing Factors of Primary School Students'Academic Achievement in Mathematics and Teaching Suggestions

作　　者：聂晓颖[1] 魏金宝 NIE Xiaoying;WEI Jinbao

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学数学与统计学院,西安710119 [2]新疆生产建设兵团教育科学研究院

出　　处：《教育测量与评价》2023年第4期58-68,共11页Educational Measurement and Evaluation

基　　金：陕西省教育科学“十三五”规划2020年度课题“陕西省义务教育质量监测工具开发研究--以数学学科监测工具开发为例”(SGH20Y1060)的研究成果。

摘　　要：基于学业质量监测试卷和PISA学生背景问卷,对我国西部地区X市15所小学4147名4年级学生的数学学业成绩及其影响因素进行分析。结果表明:师生关系、同伴关系与数学课堂秩序高度相关;师生关系、同伴关系对数学学业成绩有直接的正向作用,数学课业感知作为中介变量对学生数学学业成绩产生影响,师生关系、同伴关系、数学课业感知均对数学学业成绩有直接显著影响。这启示教师在教学过程中要着力建设平等和谐的师生关系,构建良好的课堂秩序,科学合理布置作业,减轻学生学习压力,提高其数学学习兴趣。Based on the academic quality monitoring paper and PISA students background questionnaire,this paper analyzes the mathematics academic achievement and its influencing factors of 4147 fourth grade students from 15 primary schools in X City in the western region of China.The results show that teacher-student relationship,peer relationship,the order of math,class mathematics coursework perception and mathematics academic achievement are significant correlated;teacher-student relationship and peer relationship have a direct impact on mathematics academic achievement;mathematic coursework perception as an intermediary variable,has an impact on students'mathematics academic achievement and teacher-student relationship,peer relationship and mathematic coursework perception have a direct and significant impact on mathematics academic achievement.The research findings suggest that teachers should focus on establishing an equal and harmonious teacher-student relationship,building a good classroom order,scientifically and reasonably assigning homework,reducing students'learning pressure,and increasing their interest in mathematics learning during the teaching process.

关 键 词：学业质量监测 小学数学 学业成绩 影响因素 结构方程模型 

分 类 号：G40-058.1[文化科学—教育学原理]