基于齐默曼布局的微小型无人机气动布局设计研究  

Research on Aerodynamic Layout Design of Micro-small UAV Based on Zimmerman Layout

作　　者：付小龙 张扬[1] 付一帆 昌敏[2] FU Xiaolong;ZHANG Yang;FU Yifan;CHANG Min(State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710049,China;Unmanned System Research Institute,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi'an 710072,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学机械结构强度与振动国家重点实验室,西安710049 [2]西北工业大学无人系统技术研究院,西安710072

出　　处：《无人系统技术》2023年第3期81-90,共10页Unmanned Systems Technology

摘　　要：齐默曼布局是小展弦比实现大升阻比的优秀气动布局,相比于矩形翼等传统布局非常适合微小型无人飞行器使用。采用综合方法针对齐默曼布局开展小型飞行器的总体设计与气动设计工作,包括以下四个阶段,即通过给定设计目标对无人机任务载荷进行选型;基于翼载、质量和翼型之间相互迭代确定无人机总体参数;结合计算流体力学方法对无人机进行数值模拟,最终获得无人机具体气动参数并指导电子部件与飞控选型;通过工程试制完成样机制造并进行外出试飞实验,验证了齐默曼布局在低雷诺数下的气动优势。研究结果表明,齐默曼布局在微型固定翼无人机应用中展现出良好的表现。据此,本文进一步构建了一套基于齐默曼布局的高性能微小型固定翼飞行器设计方案。The Zimmerman layout is an excellent aerodynamic layout with a large rise-to-drag ratio in a small aspect ratio,which is very suitable for the use of micro and small unmanned aerial vehicles.This paper adopts a comprehensive approach to the overall design and aerodynamic design of small aircraft for the Zimmerman layout.Design and manufacturing consists of the following four stages,that is,the selection of the UAV mission payload by a given design target;the overall parameters of the UAV based on the iterative interaction between the wing load,weight and airfoil were determined.Combined with computational fluid dynamics methods,numerical simulation of UAVs was carried out,and the specific aerodynamic parameters of UAVs were finally obtained and the electronic components and flight control selection were guided.The manufacturing of prototypes through engineering trials and subsequent outdoor flight tests validated the aerodynamic advantages of the Zimmerman layout at low Reynolds numbers.The research results indicated a commendable performance of the Zimmerman layout when applied to micro fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs).Based on this,this paper further established a high-performance design scheme for micro fixed-wing aircraft based on the Zimmerman layout.

关 键 词：微小型飞行器 齐默曼布局 飞行器设计 气动设计 数值模拟 飞行实验 

分 类 号：V211.3[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]