超声波辅助酶法提取油茶粕蛋白工艺优化及其功能活性  

Optimization of Ultrasound-Assisted Enzymatic Extraction of Protein from Camellia oleifera Seed-cake and Evaluation of Its Functional Activity

作　　者：朱静[1] 吕静 陈龙 陈亚蓝 ZHU Jing;LV Jing;CHEN Long;CHEN Yalan(Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University,Xinyang 464000,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]信阳农林学院,河南信阳464000

出　　处：《食品研究与开发》2023年第18期108-115,共8页Food Research and Development

基　　金：河南省重点研发与推广专项(科技攻关)项目(212102110314);河南省青年科学基金项目(212300410228);信阳农林学院高水平科研孵化器建设项目(FCL202014);河南省高等学校青年骨干教师培养计划项目(2019GGJS264)。

摘　　要：油茶籽粕(Camellia oleifera seed-cake,COS)是油茶籽油生产过程中的副产物,其中含有10%~20%的植物蛋白质和多种人体必需氨基酸,是潜在的优质植物蛋白资源。为提高地方资源开发综合利用效率,减少资源浪费,采用超声波辅助酶法(ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic extraction,UAEE)提取油茶籽粕粗蛋白(Camellia oleifera seed-cake crude protein,COCP),并对其抗氧化活性和降脂能力进行探究。通过单因素试验及正交试验分析得到最佳提取工艺:淀粉酶和纤维素酶添加量分别为2.5%和0.9%、酶解时间150 min、酶解pH4.5、酶解温度50℃,使用70%乙醇,料液比1∶40(g/mL),在350 W功率下连续超声处理100 g酶解物60 min,酸沉后干燥得到COCP,回收率最高可达(83.3±0.6)%,较未经超声及酶解处理的回收率增加0.54倍。该法所得提取物在50 mg/mL时,对羟自由基、DPPH自由基、ABTS+自由基清除率分别达到66.5%、70.7%、67.9%,对胆酸盐具有一定的吸附效果,对胰脂肪酶的抑制率呈剂量依赖性,在1.0 mg/mL时,抑制率达(49.5±0.5)%,结果表明COCP具有一定的抗氧化特性和体外降脂能力。Camellia oleifera seed-cake(COS)is a by-product made during Camellia oleifera seed oil production process.COS contains about 10%-20%plant protein and a variety of essential amino acids,which is a potential resource for quality plant protein.To improve the utilization effectiveness and reduce resource waste during local extraction,ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic extraction(UAEE)was applied for Camellia oleifera seed-cake crude protein(COCP).The antioxidant activity and lipid-lowing ability of COCP were then explored.The optimal extraction process was secured through the single factor test.The results showed that the optimal conditions of UAEE for COCP were as follows:amylase and cellulase addition of 2.5%and 0.9%,enzymolysis time of 150 min,enzymolysis temperature of 50℃,enzymolysis pH of 4.5,the 70%ethanol,the liquid ratio of 1∶40(g/mL).350 W power was used for 60 min ultrasonic treatment to 100 g enzyme solution,and after acid precipitation and desiccation,the COCP recovery rate can reach up to(83.3±0.6)%,0.54 times higher than that of the group without UAEE.It was found that the scavenging efficiencies of the 50 mg/mL extract obtained by this method were 66.5%,70.7%,and 67.9%for clearance of hydroxyl radical(·OH),DPPH radical,and ABTS+radical.It had a certain adsorption effect on cholate,and its inhibition rate for pancreatic lipase was dose-dependent.At 1.0 mg/mL,the inhibition rate reached(49.5±0.5)%.The results indicated that COCP had certain antioxidant properties and lipid-lowering ability in vitro.

关 键 词：油茶籽粕 蛋白质 超声波辅助酶法 抗氧化活性 降脂能力 

分 类 号：TS229[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]