金针菇原生质体杂交菌株游离氨基酸多样性  

Amino acid characteristics and nutritional evaluation of Flammulina filiformis protoplast hybrid strains

作　　者：陆欢[1,2,3,4] 刘建雨 尚晓冬 杨慧[1,2,3,4] 吴燕莎 王瑞娟[1,2,3,4] LU Huan;LIU Jianyu;SHANG Xiaodong;YANG Hui;WU Yansha;WANG Ruijuan(Institute of Edible Fungi,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanghai 201403,China;Key Laboratory of Applied Fungi Resources and Utilization〔South〕,Ministry of Agriculture,P.R.China,Shanghai 201403,China;National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi,Shanghai 201403,China;Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agriculture Genetics and Breeding,Shanghai 201403,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院食用菌研究所,上海201403 [2]农业部应用真菌资源与利用重点开放实验室,上海201403 [3]国家食用菌工程技术研究中心,上海201403 [4]上海市农业遗传育种重点实验室,上海201403

出　　处：《食品与机械》2023年第8期25-33,41,共10页Food and Machinery

基　　金：上海市科委“科技创新行动计划”农业科技领域项目(编号:21N11900300)。

摘　　要：目的:了解不同杂交金针菇品种间的品质差异,选育高品质金针菇新品种。方法:以黄色金针菇Fv1923两个不同原生质体单核为亲本之一,分别与6个(2个黄色、4个白色)金针菇原生质体进行单单杂交,共获得12个黄色杂交菌株。利用主成分分析和聚类分析等方法对12个杂交菌株的游离氨基酸进行了综合评价,同时评价了不同原生质体杂交菌株呈味多样性。结果:12个杂交菌株中必需氨基酸、非必需氨基酸和总氨基酸平均含量分别为7.71,22.83,30.54 mg/g;甲硫氨酸是菌株F1、F11、F15、F16、F21、F29、F39、F41和F42的第一限制性氨基酸。12个杂交菌株中所含的氨基酸组分之间相关性较强,4个主成分累计方差贡献率为87.15%,较好地反映出杂交菌株中氨基酸的综合信息,综合得分排列前二的品种均为上研1820和Fv1923的杂交菌株。聚类分析将12个杂交菌株分为6类,与主成分分析结果较为一致,较好地反映出不同杂交菌株中游离氨基酸的品种差异性。结论:以不同原生质体单核体作为亲本选育的杂交后代在游离氨基酸组分和含量上存在显著差异。Objective:This study aimed to investigate the quality differences among different hybrid enoki mushrooms(Flammulina filiformis)strains and breed new strains with high quality.Methods:Two different protoplast monocytes of yellow enoki mushrooms Fv1923 were used as one of the parents to cross with 6 enoki mushrooms protoplasts(2 yellow and 4 white strains),and a total of 12 yellow hybrid strains were obtained.Principal component analysis and cluster analysis were used to evaluate the free amino acids of 12 hybrid strains,and the flavor diversity of different protoplast hybrid strains was also evaluated.Results:The average contents of essential amino acids,non-essential amino acids and total amino acids were 7.71,22.83 and 30.54 mg/g,respectively.Methionine was the first limiting amino acid of strains F1,F11,F15,F16,F21,F29,F39,F41 and F42.The amino acid components in 12 hybrid strains had a strong correlation,and the cumulative variance contribution rate of the four principal components was 87.15%,which better reflected the comprehensive information of amino acids in hybrid strains.The top two strains in comprehensive scores were hybrid strains of Shangyan 1820 and Fv1923.Cluster analysis showed that 12 strains were divided into 6 groups,which was consistent with the results of principal component analysis and reflected the variety differences of free amino acids in different strains.Conclusion:There were significant differences in the composition and content of free amino acids inhybrid strains with different protoplast monocytes as parents.

关 键 词：金针菇 原生质体 杂交 氨基酸组成 营养评价 

分 类 号：S646.15[农业科学—蔬菜学]