“近未来”人机协同教育发展新思路  

New Ideas For the Development of Near-Future Human-Machine Synergistic Education

作　　者：祝智庭[1] 戴岭 赵晓伟 ZHU Zhiting;DAI Ling;ZHAO Xiaowei(School of Open Learning and Education,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China;Faculty of Education,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China;College of Educational Sciences,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210097,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学开放教育学院,上海200062 [2]华东师范大学教育学部,上海200062 [3]南京师范大学教育科学学院,江苏南京210097

出　　处：《开放教育研究》2023年第5期4-13,共10页Open Education Research

基　　金：2018年度国家社会科学重大项目“信息化促进新时代基础教育公平的研究”(18ZDA335)。

摘　　要：人类与人工智能的碰撞与交融是连接当下现实与“近未来”人类场景的主要叙事路径。人机协同教育是人工智能时代教育变革的新范式和突破口,通过探究当前人机协同教育的作用机理和发展趋势,有助于构建“近未来”人机协同教育的路径和图景,引发对“远未来”人机协同教育的前瞻性审思。人机协同教育的发展进阶分人机协作、人机增强、人机融合和人机共创。以“近未来”的视角研究教育发展,更贴近对现实的结构分析、对发展变革的可行分析,以及对人类切身面临的挑战分析。本研究从三个方面探究“近未来”人机协同教育的新思路:首先,秉持“以人为本”的价值理念,从合伦设计、人因设计、体现人智的技术设计三个维度构建人本人工智能的研究框架和应用模型;然后,基于人机协同教育的技能本位、具身学习新范式和对学习生态的变革,提出智慧学习生态的理论框架与实施路径;最后,阐述人机协同教育的深度发展需要以智慧教育理论为指导和依据。The collision and integration of human and artificial intelligence is a main path that connects the current reality to'the near future'Human-machine synergistic education is a new paradigm and breakthrough of educational reform.By exploring the mechanism and development trend of current human-machine synergistic education,this paper tries to construct the path to and to depict the landscape of'the near future'human-machine synergistic education for the purposes of forwardthinking on'the far future'human-machine synergistic education.The development of human-machine synergistic education has gone through human-machine collaboration,human-machine enhancement,human-machine integration,and human-machine co-creation.The near-future'perspective is closer to the structural analysis of reality,including the feasibility of development and change,and the most immediate and personal challenges facing humanity.This paper explores new ideas of near-future human-machine synergistic education from three aspects:First,it is necessary to uphold the value concept of"human-centered"and build a research framework and application model of human-centered artificial intelligence from three dimensions:Ethical design,human factor design,and technical design reflecting human intelligence.Then,based on the skill-based and avatar embodied learning new paradigm of human-machine synergistic education and the change of learning ecosystem,this paper proposes a theoretical framework and implementation path of intelligent learning ecology,Finally,it elaborates why the in-depth development of human-computer synergistic education needs to be guided and based on the theory of education of wisdom.

关 键 词：近未来 人机协同 人本人工智能 技能本位 具身学习 学习生态 智慧教育 

分 类 号：G434[文化科学—教育学]