不同香型南路水仙茶香气分析  

Aroma analysis on Nanlu Shuixian tea in different types

作　　者：林进龙 何春梅 杨书理 丁凤娇 李新月 张悌吉 王思德 李明金 金珊[1] LIN Jin-long;HE Chun-mei;YANG Shu-li;DING Feng-jiao;LI Xin-yue;ZHANG Ti-ji;WANG Si-de;LI Ming-jin;JIN Shan(College of Horticulture,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University/Key Laboratory of Tea Science in Universities of Fujian Province,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China;Jian’ou Association for Science and Technology,Nanping,Fujian 353199,China;Jian’ou Songqing Tea Industry Co.,Ltd.,Nanping,Fujian 353033,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学园艺学院/茶学福建省高校重点实验室,福建福州350002 [2]建瓯市科学技术协会,福建南平353199 [3]建瓯市松清茶业有限公司,福建南平353033

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2023年第5期1488-1498,共11页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金项目(2020J01544);福建张天福茶叶发展基金会科技创新基金项目(FJZTF01);企业横向课题(KH210221A)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究不同香型建瓯南路水仙茶的感官品质及其香气成分差异,为南路水仙茶品质检验与加工提供理论依据。【方法】以2021年建瓯市南雅镇南路水仙茶王赛参赛入围的20个茶样为材料,通过感官审评对其香气特征进行评价,利用顶空固相微萃取—气相色谱—质谱联用(HS-SPME-GC-MS)技术进行挥发性物质检测,并对挥发性物质进行气味活性值(OAV)分析和偏最小二乘法判别分析(PLS-DA)。【结果】20个茶样可分为火工香、花香和清雅香3种类型,分别有茶样5、8和7个。从3种香型的南路水仙茶中共鉴定出63种挥发性物质,包括醇类12种、醛类7种、酮类8种、萜烯类11种、烷烃类5种、酯类5种、芳香族化合物5种、酸类1种、含氮化合物7种及其他类2种;火工香、花香和清雅香型样品分别鉴定出44、40和32种挥发性物质。不同香型茶样在挥发性成分含量和组成上均存在差异,其中花香型的香气成分总含量最高(478.0590μg/kg),火工香次之(275.5390μg/kg),清雅香型最低(152.1710μg/kg);醇类在3种香型茶样中所占比例均最高,此外,火工香型中酯类和醛类占比较高,花香型中酮类和萜烯类占比较高,清雅香型则是烷烃类物质有较高比例。通过气味阈值计算出9个OAV>1的挥发性成分,分别为芳樟醇、橙花叔醇、雪松醇、藏红花醛、癸醛、β-环柠檬醛、β-紫罗兰酮、D-柠檬烯和对伞花烃,其中癸醛、芳樟醇和雪松醇是建瓯南路水仙茶主要的赋香成分。通过PLS-DA鉴定出3种香型茶样间的22种差异挥发物,包括对二甲苯、茶吡咯、芳樟醇、橙花叔醇、二十烷等,其中火工香、花香和清雅香型分别有10、10和2种含量突出的香气成分。【结论】建瓯南路水仙茶以清雅香和花香为主,癸醛、芳樟醇和雪松醇是主要的特征香气,对二甲苯、茶吡咯、芳樟醇、橙花叔醇、二十烷等22种挥发物是不同香型茶样间的主要【Objective】To explore the difference of sensory quality and aroma components of different aroma types of Nanlu Shuixian tea,and provide theoretical basis for quality inspection and processing of Nanlu Shuixian tea.【Method】The aroma characteristics of 20 tea samples selected in the Nanya Nanlu Shuixian Tea King Competition in Jian’ou City in 2021 were evaluated by sensory evaluation,volatile compounds were detected by headspace solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(HS-SPME-GC-MS),and odor activity value(OAV)analysis and partial least square discriminant analysis(PLS-DA)were carried out.【Result】The 20 Nanlu Shuixian tea samples could be divided into three types:roasting aroma(5 samples),floral aroma(8 samples)and elegant aroma(7 samples).A total of 63 volatile substances were identified from the three aroma types of Nanlu Shuixian tea,including 12 alcohols,7 alde-hydes,8 ketones,11 terpenes,5 alkanes,5 esters,5 aromatic compounds,1 acid,7 nitrogen-containing compounds and 2 others.Among which 44,40 and 32 volatile substances were identified respectively from the roasting,floral and elegant samples.The content and composition of volatile components in tea samples of different aroma types were different.The total content of volatile components in floral type was the highest(478.0590μg/kg),followed by roasting type(275.5390μg/kg),and the total content in elegant type was the lowest(152.1710μg/kg).Alcohols accounted for the highest propor-tion among the three aroma types.In addition,esters and aldehydes accounted for the highest proportion in the roasting aroma,ketones and terpenes accounted for the highest proportion in the floral aroma,and alkanes accounted for the highest proportion in the elegant aroma.Nine volatile compounds with OAV greater than 1 were calculated based on threshold,which were linalool,nerolidol,cedrol,saffron aldehyde,decanal,β-cyclocitral,β-ionone,D-limonene,p-cymene.In addi-tion,decanal,linalool and cedrol were identified as the charac

关 键 词：南路水仙茶 香气特征 挥发性成分 气味活度值 偏最小二乘法判别分析 

分 类 号：S571.109.9[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]