老山芹多糖的分离纯化、结构表征及体外降糖活性研究  

Isolation,purification,structure characterization,and hypoglycemic activity analysis of polysaccharides from Heraclenm dissectum

作　　者：羡荣华 蒲铎文 樊梓鸾[1,2] 于承媛 刘永旭 季子琦 刘荣 XIAN Ronghua;PU Duowen;FAN Ziluan;YU Chengyuan;LIU Yongxu;JI Ziqi;LIU Rong(College of Forestry,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China;Key Laboratory of Forest Food Resources Utilization of Heilongjiang Province,Harbin 150040,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [2]黑龙江省森林食品资源利用重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《食品与发酵工业》2023年第18期113-118,124,共7页Food and Fermentation Industries

基　　金：中央高校科学前沿与交叉学科创新基金项目(2572019BA09);黑龙江省高等教育教学改革项目(SJGY20200018);黑龙江省自然科学基金联合引导项目(LH2020C035)。

摘　　要：该文以老山芹为原料,微波辅助酶法提取多糖,经DEAE-52纤维素和Sephadex G-100凝胶柱分离纯化,得到水溶性老山芹多糖(Heraclenm dissectum polysaccharides,HDP)。通过高效凝胶渗透色谱、HPLC、紫外可见光谱、红外光谱、刚果红实验、扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射光谱和热重分析等方法对其分子质量、单糖组成、空间结构、微观结构、理化性质和体外降血糖活性进行研究。结果表明,HDP-1是一种中性杂多糖,相对分子质量为11.141 kDa,由葡萄糖、半乳糖、阿拉伯糖、甘露糖、鼠李糖、木糖、半乳糖醛酸、葡萄糖醛酸组成,摩尔比为5.96∶1.95∶1∶1.03∶1.02∶0.29∶0.31∶0.12。HDP-1是以β-型糖苷键连接的吡喃糖且不具有三螺旋结构。HDP-1对α-淀粉酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶的半抑制浓度(half maximal inhibitory concentration,IC 50)值分别为0.765、3.288 mg/mL,抑制率均呈现依赖剂量的增加,提示其具备一定的降血糖活性。综上,该实验首次对老山芹多糖展开研究,证明了其对α-淀粉酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制作用,为老山芹多糖在医药及功能性食品方面的制备与应用提供理论依据。A new polysaccharide was extracted from Heraclenm dissectum using microwave-assisted enzymatic.After separation and purification by DEAE-52 cellulose column and Sephadex G-100 glucan gel column,the water-soluble polysaccharide of Heraclenm dissectum polysaccharides(HDP)was obtained.High-performance gel permeation chromatography(HPGPC),high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC),UV spectrophotometry,infrared spectroscopy analysis,Congo red experiment,scanning electron microscope,X-ray diffraction spectroscopy,and thermogravimetric analysis were applied to analyze the molecular weight,monosaccharide composition,spatial structure,microstructure,physicochemical properties,and hypoglycemic activity in vitro of polysaccharide.Results showed that HDP-1 was a neutral heteropolysaccharide component and the molecular weight was 11.141 kDa.It was composed of glucose,galactose,arabinose,mannose,rhamnose,xylose,galacturonic acid,and glucuronic acid in the molar ratio of 5.96∶1.95∶1∶1.03∶1.02∶0.29∶0.31∶0.12.HDP-1 was identified as a pyran polysaccharide containingβ-type glycosidic bonds and did not have a triple helix structure.The half maximal inhibitory concentration(IC 50)values ofα-amylase andα-glucosidase were 0.765 mg/mL and 3.288 mg/mL,respectively,and the inhibition rate showed a dose-dependent increase,suggesting that HDP-1 had a certain hypoglycemic activity.In summary,this experiment was the first to study the polysaccharides of Heraclenm dissectum.It proved its inhibitory effect onα-amylase andα-glucosidase.It provided a theoretical basis for the preparation and application of Heraclenm dissectum polysaccharides in medicine and functional foods.

关 键 词：老山芹 多糖 纯化 结构特性 降血糖活性 

分 类 号：TS255.1[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]