2000~2022年国内外公共卫生硕士培养模式及现存问题的可视化分析  

Visual analysis of the training models and existing problems of master's degree in public health at home and abroad from 2000 to 2022

作　　者：赵红燕[1] ZHAO Hongyan(Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang,Weifang 262500,China)

机构地区：[1]潍坊市益都中心医院,山东潍坊262500

出　　处：《潍坊医学院学报》2023年第4期253-256,F0003,共5页Acta Academiae Medicinae Weifang

摘　　要：目的了解2000~2022年期间国内外公共卫生学硕士(MPH)的培养路径、培养模式以及培养过程中的现存问题。方法通过CiteSpace软件对在CNKI及WOS数据库中发表的有关MPH培养路径及培养模式的相关文献进行可视化分析,分析内容包括文献发文量、关键词共现、关键词聚类、关键词时间线。结果关键词年度统计分析结果显示,随着时间推移,国内研究主题时间轴为医学教育-课程设置-培养模式-社会实践-实践教育,而国外的研究主题时间轴为全科医生-能力/经验-卫生保健-公共卫生教育-课程设置。由此可知,国内外的培养路径不同。国内采取的是理论教育到实践教育,而国外则采用以能力为导向的实践需求到理论教育的培养模式。关键词聚类结果显示:国内主要聚焦于培养模式的确定、专业学位的改革、实践培养和MPH培养影响因素分析4个主题;国外主要聚焦于MPH社会实践培训、MPH人群健康课、卫生管理安全措施和卫生保健4个方面。研究阶段可视化结果显示:国内研究可以分为两个阶段:培养模式发展阶段(2004~2013年)和影响因素探究阶段(2013年至今)。国外研究分为MPH专业能力建设阶段(2008~2015年)和人群健康阶段(2015年至今)。结论国内外MPH培养模式及研究主题不同,国外社会实践能力培养研究起步较早。目前我国MPH培养虽然已经开始重视社会实践方面的研究,但培养模式有待于进一步提升。Objective To explore the training path, mode and existing problems in the training process of Master of Public Health(MPH) at home and abroad from 2000 to 2022.Methods Relevant literature on MPH cultivation pathways and modes published in CNKI and WOS databases was analyzed by CiteSpace software, including literature publication volume, keyword co-occurrence, keyword clustering, and keyword timeline.Results The results of annual statistical analysis of keywords showed that the timeline of domestic research topics mainly included medical education-curriculum setting-training mode-social and practice-practical education.The timeline of foreign research topics was general practitioners-competence/experience-health care-public health education-curriculum setting.Therefore, it can be seen that the training paths at home and abroad are different.The domestic approach is to transition from theoretical education to practical education, while foreign countries adopt a competency oriented training model from practical needs to theoretical education.The keyword clustering results show that the main focus in China is on four themes: the determination of training mode, the reform of professional degrees, practical training, and the analysis of influencing factors of MPH training;Foreign countries mainly focus on four aspects: MPH social practice training, MPH population health courses, health management safety measures, and health care.The visualization results of the research stage show that domestic research can be divided into two stages: the development stage of the training mode(2004~2013) and the exploration stage of influencing factors(2013-present).Foreign research is divided into MPH professional capacity building phase(2008~2015) and population health phase(2015-present).Conclusion The MPH training modes and research topics are different at home and abroad, and the research on social practice ability training in foreign countries started earlier.At present, although China's MPH training has begun to attach importanc

关 键 词：公共卫生硕士 培养路径 教育改革 可视化分析 

分 类 号：R-04[医药卫生]