被围困的乡村教师与教育资源投入“内卷化”  

Sieged Rural Teachers and Educational Resources Invested in“Involution”

作　　者：罗茜[1] LUO Xi(School of Sociology,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,Hubei)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学社会学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《当代教师教育》2023年第3期41-48,共8页Contemporary Teacher Education

基　　金：2020年国家社科基金项目“产业转移背景下中西部地区县域治理能力现代化研究”(20CSH002)。

摘　　要：发展乡村教育事业是推进城乡基本公共服务均等化,实现乡村人才振兴的重要举措。当前,国家关于乡村教育的政策与资源投入效用发挥受限,甚至形成物力和人力资源投入“内卷化”现象。这一现象源于乡村教师被围困,教师角色模糊、权威缺失以及动力不足等导致教育功能发生偏移,具体表现为知识教育功能被看护照料功能挤压、道德教化功能转化为“只教不育”、人才培养功能下降为完成教育任务。乡村教师的被围困源于教育职能部门的行政挤压限制了教师教学自主权的发挥,农村家庭内耗的家校关系弱化了教师教学效能感,进而加剧生源和师资流失,恶化教育质量,倒逼加大教育投入。上述分析表明乡村教育发展困境是系统性问题,保障教师教育自主权、引导家校关系合作化以重新正常发挥乡村教育功能,才能使教育资源投入有效。The development of rural education is an important measure to equalize access to basic public services in urban and rural areas and realize the revitalization of rural talents.At present,the effectiveness of national policies and resource input in rural education is limited,and the phenomenon of“involution”of material and human resource input has even formed.This phenomenon stems from the siege of rural teachers,the ambiguity of teachers'roles,lack of authority and insufficient motivation,which lead to the shift of the educational function,which is manifested in the fact that the knowledge education function is squeezed by the function of looking at the passport,the moral education function is transformed into“only teaching but not sterile”,and the talent training function is reduced to completing the educational task.The siege of rural teachers stems from the administrative squeeze of the education functional department,which restricts the exercise of rural teachers'teaching autonomy,and the home-school relationship between rural families weakens the sense of teaching efficiency of rural teachers,which also aggravates the loss of students and teachers,deteriorates the quality of education and forces more investment in education.The analysis of the deviation of educational functions shows that the dilemma of rural education development is a systemic problem,and only by ensuring the autonomy of teachers'education and guiding the cooperation of home-school relations to regain the normal function of rural education can the investment of educational resources be effective.

关 键 词：乡村教育 乡村教师 内卷化 教育行政化 家校关系 

分 类 号：G521[文化科学—教育学]