影子教育中家庭经济投入对学业成就的影响  

The Impact of Family Economic Investment on Academic Achievements in Shadow Education:An Empirical Analysis Based on CEPS Data

作　　者：陆轶 尹文嘉 LU Yi;YIN Wenjia(School of Law and Society,Nanning Normal University,Nanning 530299,China)

机构地区：[1]南宁师范大学法学与社会学院,南宁530299

出　　处：《四川轻化工大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第5期53-65,共13页Journal of Sichuan University of Science & Engineering：Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(BJA220252)。

摘　　要：对影子教育的研究已经持续了几十年,但是影子教育仍然是教育领域不可忽视的重要现象。影子教育的作用,过去人们的理解仅限于认为其能够有效提高学生的学业成绩,而对于其中的作用机制与影响路径却鲜有剖析。这种认知上的单一化和简约化,一方面导致了学生低效但是又不得不参加的愈演愈烈的影子教育竞赛,课业负担越来越沉重,这种“填鸭式”的做法严重影响了学生的身心健康发展;另一方面也造成了家长在影子教育投入上越来越沉重的经济负担,这种“以钱买分”的做法也增加了家长的教养压力。基于此,在梳理与归纳影子教育相关研究的基础上,构建影子教育中家庭经济投入对学生学业成就影响的理论模型与中介机制,并基于CEPS2013-2014年度数据,运用结构方程模型剖析出影响机制。以学生在本学期中对影子教育的花费为自变量,以学生学业成就作为因变量,以家长参与和学生自我效能感两个变量作为中介变量,归纳分析了各结构方程模型各影响路径的显著程度、影响方向和影响系数的大小,确定了影子教育中家庭经济投入对学生学业成就影响的关键路径。结果表明,在5%的置信水平下,影子教育中家庭经济投入对学生学业成就的直接效应并不显著;但是在间接效应中,各个路径之间都是显著的。即家庭经济投入会通过提升家长参与的程度,进而提高学生学业成就;家庭的经济投入会减弱学生的自我效能感,最终降低学生学业成就;值得注意的是,家长参与可以通过提高学生自我效能感,最终间接提高学生学业成绩。这项研究表明,政策制定者应该坚持“双减”政策,同时着力促进教育资源的均等化。家长应该着重教育中对孩子的陪伴,教师和学校则应该把培养学生自我效能感作为重点,多方通力合作互相配合。The research on shadow education has been ongoing for decades,but shadow education remains an important phenomenon that cannot be ignored in the field of education.In the past,people's understanding of the role of shadow education was limited to believing that it can effectively improve students'academic performance,but there was little analysis of its mechanism and impact path.This simplification of cognition,on the one hand,has led to increasingly inefficient shadow education competitions that students have to participate in,resulting in an increasingly heavy academic burden.This"cramming"approach seriously affects students'physical and mental health development.On the other hand,it has also caused parents to have an increasingly heavy economic burden on shadow education investment,and this"buying points with money"approach has also increased parents'pressure.Based on this,this article constructs a theoretical model and intermediary mechanism for the impact of family economic investment on students'academic achievements in shadow education,based on the review and induction of research related to shadow education.Based on CEPS data from 2013 to 2014,the structural equation model is used to analyze the influencing mechanism.Taking students'expenditures on shadow education in this semester as the independent variable,students'academic achievements as the dependent variable,and parents'participation and students'self-efficacy as the mediating variables,this paper sums up and analyzes the significance,direction and coefficient of each impact path of each structural equation model,and determines the critical path of the impact of family economic investment on students'academic achievements in shadow education.The results indicate,at a confidence level of 5%,the direct effect of family economic investment on students'academic achievement in shadow education is not significant.However,in indirect effects,each pathway is significant.That is,family economic investment will increase the degree of parental participation,th

关 键 词：影子教育 经济投入 学业成就 家长参与 自我效能感 中介效应 

分 类 号：C91[经济管理] G40-052.2[社会学]