话语体系转换视域下的儒家情论演变——以《乐记》“情礼”论与《复性书》“性情”论为中心的考察  

The Evolution of Confucian Feeling Theory from the Perspective of Discourse System Transformation-An Investigation Centered on the Theory of“Feeling-Propriety”in Yue Ji and“Nature-sentiment”in Fu Xing

作　　者：张道奎 Zhang Daokui(Institute of Literature History and Philosophy,Shandong University,Jinan,250100)

机构地区：[1]山东大学儒学高等研究院

出　　处：《哲学评论》2023年第1期145-165,共21页Wuda Philosophical Review

摘　　要：“节情”与“止情”是先秦儒家与唐宋儒家在情论问题上的基本分野。先秦儒家以《乐记》为文本核心建构了“情—礼”论,试图以人情之常来论证礼乐制度的合理性;唐宋儒家则以《复性书》为文本源头建构了“性—情”论,并试图以此回应域外佛学与魏晋玄学的理论冲击。如果以福柯话语体系的视角来观察上述差异,则先秦“情—礼”话语体系导向“节情”,唐宋“性—情”话语体系导向“止情”;二者之间具有明显的继承关系,但在概念与文本、知识与信仰系统、社会实践指向以及人性论上也具有一定差异,因而构成了话语体系转向。儒家情论问题的这个话语体系转向的实现,更多的是受域外佛学、魏晋玄学等外缘因素的影响。而话语体系的分析方法在认识儒家情论演化历程、推动当代儒学的第三期发展等方面仍具有一定的理论优势。“Restraint feeling”and“Cleanse sentiment”are the basic differences between pre-Qin Confucianism and Tang and Song Confucianism on the issue of emotion.The pre-Qin Confucianists constructed the theory of“Feeling-Propriety”with Yue Ji as the text core,trying to demonstrate the rationality of the propriety and music system with the common human feelings;Confucianism in the Tang and Song Dynasties constructed the theory of“Naturesentiment”with Fu Xing as the text source and responded to the theoretical impact of Buddhism and metaphysics in the Wei and Jin Dynasties.From the per-spective of Foucault's discourse system,the discourse system of“Feeling-Propriety”in the pre-Qin period led to“Restraint feeling”,and the discourse system of“Nature-sentiment”in the Tang and Song Dynasties led to“Cleanse sentiment”;There is an obvious inheritance relationship between the two,but there are also some differences in concept and text,knowledge and belief system,social practice direction and human nature theory,which constitutes the turn of discourse system.The analysis method of the discourse system has certain theoretical advantages in understanding the evolution of Confucian feeling theory and promoting the third development of contemporary Confucianism.

关 键 词：儒家情论 话语体系 “情—礼” 《乐记》 《复性书》 

分 类 号：B222[哲学宗教—中国哲学]