幼儿园自然教育目的与实践的省思与重构  

Reflection and Reconstruction on the Purpose and Practice of Nature Education in Kindergarten

作　　者：罗瑶[1] LUO Yao(College of Educational Science,Hunan Normal University,Changsha,Hunan,410081,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学教育科学学院,湖南长沙410081

出　　处：《教育与教学研究》2023年第11期13-26,共14页Education and Teaching Research

基　　金：湖南省社会科学成果评审委员会课题“信息化背景下农村幼儿教师儿童观革新的路径研究”(编号:XSP20YBC257);湖南省“十四五”学前教育研究基地阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在幼儿园自然教育中,对于目的的思考是自然教育实践的基础。在“幼儿园”诞生之时,福禄培尔以自然教育作为幼儿园的核心精神,以“唤醒儿童与自然之间无意识的统一感”作为自然教育的核心目的。基于这种对自然教育目的的理解来审视当下的幼儿园自然教育,可以发现自然教育的三维目标定位易缺失对儿童与自然统一感的关注,自然教育实践易造就儿童与自然之间的主客体关系。因此,当下的幼儿园自然教育需要实现从目的到实践的重构,以“唤醒儿童与自然的统一感”作为自然教育的核心意旨,从智识性的实践方式转向审美式的实践方式,并注重将自然教育精神渗透到幼儿园各种活动中。In kindergarten nature education,thinking about the purpose is the basis of nature education practice.At the birth of kindergarten,Froebel took nature education as the core spirit of the kindergarten,and"awakened the unconscious sense of unity between children and nature"as the core purpose of nature education.Based on this understanding of the purpose of nature education to examine the current kindergarten nature education,it can be found that the three-dimensional target orientation of nature education is easy to lack a sense of unity between children and nature,and the practice of nature education is easy to create the subject-object relationship between children and nature.Therefore,the current kindergarten nature education needs to realize the reconstruction from purpose to practice,with"awakening the sense of unity between children and nature"as the core intention of nature education,shifting from intellectual practice to aesthetic practice,and paying attention to infiltrating the spirit of nature education into all kinds of kindergarten activities.

关 键 词：幼儿园教育 自然教育 儿童与自然的统一感 福禄培尔 

分 类 号：G612[文化科学—学前教育学]