认知何以成为负担:隐喻视角下的认知观危机及其转化  

How Does Cognition Become a Burden?Cognitive Crisis and Its Transformation from the Perspective of Metaphor

作　　者：朱洪洋 ZHU Hongyang(School of Education Science,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210097,China)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学教育科学学院,南京210097

出　　处：《教育学报》2023年第5期17-30,共14页Journal of Educational Studies

基　　金：江苏省教育科学“十四五”规划2021年度课题“叶圣陶教育思想与中小学生学业负担问题研究”(课题编号:YZ-c/2021/07)阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：运用隐喻作为分析工具,鉴识支配当前教育实践的认知观,并通过认知观的隐喻转换为教育理论和实践提供若干新的理解和主张。从教育现象入手,通过隐喻分析发现,当代教育理念与实践中表征出系统的认知观危机,其主要表现为:认知是负担,以容器隐喻、计算隐喻和再现隐喻来理解认知;认知无用论则是以惰性知识和方位隐喻为理念基础;认知的创造性缺失表现为对认知理解的生产隐喻和再现隐喻。欲实现认知观危机的转化,应吸收新鲜隐喻:在认知对象理解上,从力学隐喻转化为热量隐喻;在认知过程方面,从计算隐喻转向交互隐喻;在认知目的方面,实现“知识-结构-智慧”创造的隐喻转化。By using metaphor as an analytical tool,the study attempts to identify the sense of cognitive that dominates the current educational practice,and provide some new understanding and propositions for educational theory and practice through the metaphorical transformation of cognition.Starting from the phenomenon of education,through metaphor analysis,it is found that there is a systematic cognitive crisis in the contemporary educational philosophy and practice.This cognitive crisis is mainly manifested as follows.First,“cognition is a burden”,which contains“container metaphor”,“computational metaphor”and“representation metaphor”for cognitive understanding;secondly,the claim that“cognition is uselessness”is based on the concept of“inert knowledge”and“orientation metaphor”;thirdly,“the lack of creativity in cognitive progress”is manifested in the understanding of“production metaphor”and“reproduction metaphor”.To realize the transformation of cognition crisis,the contemporary educational theory and practice should absorb the fresh metaphor:in the understanding of the cognitive object,it needs to transform from“mechanical metaphor”to“thermal metaphor”;in the cognitive process,it needs to transform from“computational metaphor”to“interactive metaphor”;in the cognitive purpose,the transformation from“knowledge creation-structure creation-wisdom creation”should be realized.

关 键 词：认知负担 认知隐喻 创造力 学习负担 教育隐喻 认知科学 

分 类 号：G40-02[文化科学—教育学原理]