不同海区养殖羊栖菜组成分析及多糖的抗氧化活性研究  

Composition Analysis of Sargassum Fusiforme in Different Marine Areas and Antioxidant Activity of Polysaccharides

作　　者：梁美娜 张立宁[2] 林振 苏来金 LIANG Meina;ZHANG Lining;LIN Zhen;SU Laijin(Key Laboratory of Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection of Zhejiang Province,College of Life and Environmental Sciences,Wenzhou University,Wenzhou 325035,China;Zhejiang Marine Aquaculture Research Institute,Wenzhou 325005,China;Wenzhou Jiahai Food Company Limited Doctor Innovation Station,Wenzhou 325700,China)

机构地区：[1]温州大学生命与环境科学学院,浙江省水环境与海洋生物资源保护重点实验室,浙江温州325035 [2]浙江省海洋水产养殖研究所,浙江温州325005 [3]温州佳海食品有限公司博士创新站,浙江温州325700

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2023年第22期275-284,共10页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：农业国家标准和行业标准修订项目(NYB-22270);温州市重大科技创新攻关项目(ZN2022009);温州市科技特派员项目(X20210015)。

摘　　要：羊栖菜富含多种营养素与活性物质,是我国重要的经济海藻之一,其品质易受海区等环境因素的影响。为了解不同海区养殖羊栖菜营养组成和功能成分的差异,本文以浙江7个海区养殖的羊栖菜为研究对象,采用食品安全国家标准方法,测定了7个海区养殖羊栖菜基本营养、氨基酸、脂肪酸等营养物质的组成。以DPPH·和·OH清除率为评价标准,测定了7个海区养殖羊栖菜多糖的抗氧化活性,并对7个海区养殖羊栖菜多糖的结构组成进行了初步分析。结果表明:各海区羊栖菜含水量最多,在(82.50±0.32)~(86.50±0.23)g/100 g之间;除水分外,主要营养成分为多糖,其中7号海区养殖羊栖菜的多糖含量最多(P<0.05),为2.51 g/100 g;各海区羊栖菜脂肪含量都较少,均在(0.30±0.01)~(0.40±0.01)g/100 g,说明羊栖菜是一种典型的低脂食品;羊栖菜的氨基酸含量差别较大且各海区羊栖菜EAAI(Essential Amino Acid Index)值均高于0.9,说明7个海区养殖羊栖菜均为优质蛋白质来源,另外,2号和6号海区养殖的羊栖菜氨基酸组成比例较合理,更接近WHO/FAO在1937年推荐的理想蛋白质模式;7个海区羊栖菜中共检出8种脂肪酸,除了2号海区养殖羊栖菜外,其余主要以多不饱和脂肪酸为主。羊栖菜重金属含量符合中国《食品安全国家标准食品中的污染物限量》(GB 2762-2017)要求;4号海区养殖的羊栖菜中钙、钾含量较高,分别为(131.44±6.36)与(1687.63±28.14)mg/100 g,是一种良好的钙、钾来源;各海区养殖羊栖菜多糖结构组成相似,都含有硫酸根基团,且都具有清除·OH以及DPPH·的活性,其中5号海区养殖羊栖菜的多糖抗氧化活性最高,清除·OH和DPPH·的IC_(50)分别为0.534、0.236 mg/mL。本研究为羊栖菜的科学养殖、羊栖菜加工和质量等级的评定奠定了一定的基础。Sargassum fusiforme is rich in a variety of nutrients and active substances,and is one of the important economic seaweeds in China.Its quality could be easily affected by environmental factors such as marine areas.To figure out the differences in nutritional composition of Sargassum fusiforme cultivated in different marine areas,this paper used Sargassum fusiforme cultivated in seven marine areas in Zhejiang Province as the research object,and determined the basic nutrients,amino acids and fatty acids using the National Food Safety Standard.The antioxidant activities of the seven Sargassum fusiforme polysaccharides were determined using DPPH·and·OH scavenging as evaluation criteria,and the structural composition of seven kinds of Sargassum fusiforme polysaccharides were preliminarily analyzed.The results showed that,the moisture content of seven Sargassum fusiforme was highest,between(82.50±0.32)and(86.50±0.23)g/100 g.In addition to moisture content,the other main nutrient component was polysaccharide.The polysaccharide content of Sargassum fusiforme cultivated in No.7 marine area was the highest(P<0.05),which was 2.51 g/100 g.The fat content of Sargassum fusiforme of each marine area was relatively low,which was(0.30±0.01)~(0.40±0.01)g/100 g,indicating that Sargassum fusiforme was a kind of typically low-fat food.The amino acid content of Sargassum fusiforme varied greatly and the EAAI(Essential Amino Acid Index)values of Sargassum fusiforme in each marine area were all more than 0.9,indicating that Sargassum fusiforme in the seven marine areas were all high-quality protein sources.Furthermore,the amino acid composition ratios of Sargassum fusiforme cultivated in No.2 and No.6 marine areas were reasonable,which were closer to the ideal protein model recommended by WHO/FAO in 1937.A total of eight fatty acids were detected in Sargassum fusiforme from seven marine areas.Except for Sargassum fusiforme cultivated in No.2 marine area,the rest were mainly polyunsaturated fatty acids.The heavy metal content of Sa

关 键 词：羊栖菜 不同海域 营养组成 多糖 结构组成 抗氧化活性 

分 类 号：TS254.1[轻工技术与工程—水产品加工及贮藏工程]