短轨枕区段钢轨吸振器对钢轨波磨抑制机理的研究  

Suppression Mechanism of Rail Corrugation byRail Vibration Absorber in the Short Sleeper Section

作　　者：崔晓璐 徐晓天 文孝霞[1] 吕东 汤金伟 CUI Xiaolu;XU Xiaotian;WEN Xiaoxia;LYU Dong;TANG Jinwei(School of Mechatronics and Vehicle Engineering,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China;Huizhou Public Works Section of Guangdong Railway Co.,Ltd.,Huizhou 516023,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆交通大学机电与车辆工程学院,重庆400074 [2]广东铁路有限公司惠州工务段,广东惠州516023

出　　处：《重庆交通大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第11期149-156,共8页Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52275176);重庆市基础研究与前沿探索资助项目(CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX1542)。

摘　　要：钢轨波磨是地铁轨道中最显著的损伤问题之一,迄今未能得到有效解决,其中钢轨吸振器对钢轨波磨具有良好的抑制作用,但其抑制机理尚不明确。根据重庆地铁1号线双碑—石井坡区间的现场调研结果,建立了短轨枕支撑小半径曲线的车辆-轨道系统动力学模型,分析了地铁车辆通过小半径曲线区段的动力学特性;结合现场测试和动力学分析结果,基于轮轨系统摩擦自激振动诱导钢轨波磨的观点,建立了轮对-钢轨-吸振器系统的有限元模型;采用复特征值法和瞬时动态法从频域和时域角度分析了钢轨吸振器对钢轨波磨的抑制机理,对比了轨底吸振器和轨腰吸振器的抑制作用,分析了钢轨吸振器关键参数对钢轨波磨的影响规律。研究结果显示:钢轨吸振器能有效抑制轮轨系统的摩擦自激振动,进而抑制钢轨波磨的产生与发展,轨底吸振器与轨腰吸振器对钢轨波磨的抑制效果相近;同时在一定范围内增加了钢轨吸振器的质量比和连接刚度能降低轮对-钢轨-吸振器系统发生摩擦自激振动的可能性。As one of the significant damage problems on subway tracks,the rail corrugation has not been effectively solved so far.The rail vibration absorber has a good inhibition effect on the rail corrugation,but its suppression mechanism is still not clear.Firstly,according to the on-site investigation of Shuangbei-Shijingpo of Chongqing Metro Line 1,the dynamic model of the vehicle-track system with short sleepers supporting small radius curves was established,and the dynamic characteristics of the subway vehicle passing through the small radius curve section were studied.Then,combining with field tests and dynamic analysis results,based on the viewpoint of rail corrugation induced by frictional self-excited vibration in wheel-rail system,a finite element model of wheelset-rail-absorber system was established.Correspondingly,the suppression mechanism of rail vibration absorber on rail corrugation was studied from the perspective of frequency domain and time domain by complex eigenvalue analysis and instantaneous dynamic analysis.The inhibition effect of rail bottom absorber and rail waist absorber were compared,and the influence rule of key parameters of the rail vibration absorber on the rail corrugation was also analyzed.The research results show that the rail vibration absorber can effectively suppress the frictional self-excited vibration,thereby inhibiting the generation and development of rail corrugation.The rail bottom shock absorber and the rail waist absorber have a similar inhibition effect on the rail corrugation.Meanwhile,increasing the mass ratio and connection stiffness of the rail vibration absorber within a certain range can reduce the possibility of frictional self-excitation vibration of the wheelset-rail-absorber system.

关 键 词：车辆工程 钢轨波磨 摩擦自激振动 钢轨吸振器 短轨枕 抑制机理 

分 类 号：U260[机械工程—车辆工程]