农村单亲家庭的亲子沟通——基于儿童特点的家庭教育指导  

Parent-Child Communication in Rural Single-Parent Families:Guidance on Family Education Based on Children’s Personal Traits

作　　者：陆芳 翟友华 LU Fang;ZHAI You-hua(Jiangsu Key Constructive Laboratory for Big Data of Psychology and Cognitive Science,Yancheng,Jiangsu,224002,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省心理与认知科学大数据省重点建设实验室,江苏盐城224002

出　　处：《盐城师范学院学报（人文社会科学版）》2023年第6期57-68,共12页Journal of Yancheng Teachers University（Humanities & Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：江苏省教育科学“十四五”规划课题“农村离异家庭亲子沟通与儿童社会性发展的调查研究”(D/2021/01/160)。

摘　　要：《健康中国行动》明确指出,要对包括单亲在内的处境不利学生给予重点关爱。在家庭结构缺损、父母一方教养缺位的情况下,儿童更容易陷入发展困境,表现出各种适应不良问题。亲子沟通作为亲子互动和家庭教育的核心机制,对儿童的积极发展和健康成长发挥着关键作用。通过问卷调查191名单亲家庭儿童发现,与2135名完整家庭儿童相比,单亲家庭农村儿童的外向性、谨慎性、宜人性和开放性水平都明显更低,他们在与父亲(母亲)的沟通方面开放性更低、存在问题更多,并且单亲儿童的情绪性、宜人性和谨慎性特点能够显著预测他们的亲子沟通状况。农村单亲父母需要注意营造积极情绪氛围、掌握科学方法、尊重并顺应儿童的个性差异,才能更好地突破亲子沟通困境,发挥其促进儿童发展的教育功能。The Healthy China initiative issued by the State Council clearly points out that we should give priority to the care for disadvantaged students,including those from single-parent families.In the families of incomplete structure and single-parental rearing,children are more likely to be confronted with developmental difficulties and exhibit various maladjustments.As the core mechanism of parent-child interaction and family education,parent-child communication is very important for children’s development.This survey found that the levels of extroversion,cautiousness,agreeableness and openness of 191 rural children from single-parent families were significantly lower than that of 2135 rural children from normal families.While communicating with fathers or mothers,they showed lower openness and had more problems.Their communication with parents can be mostly predicted by their levels of nervousness,agreeableness and cautiousness.Rural single parents should create a positive emotional atmosphere,mastering more scientific parental methods,paying attention to children’s individual differences in their personality,in order to break the dilemma of parent-child communication and promote their children’s mental health.

关 键 词：农村儿童 单亲家庭 亲子沟通 家庭教育指导 

分 类 号：B844.2[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]