砧木对欧亚种葡萄‘小味多’果实挥发性物质的影响  

Effect of Rootstocks on the Volatiles in Grape Berries of Vitis vinifera L.cv.‘Petit Verdot’

作　　者：周晓航 王雯染 李惠清 王军[1] 何非[1] ZHOU Xiaohang;WANG Wenran;LI Huiqing;WANG Jun;HE Fei(Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Center for Viticulture and Enology,College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学食品科学与营养工程学院,葡萄与葡萄酒研究中心,农业农村部葡萄酒加工重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《食品科学》2023年第16期251-259,共9页Food Science

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-29)。

摘　　要：以欧亚种酿酒葡萄‘小味多’为接穗,分别嫁接‘101-14’、‘5BB’、‘SO4’、‘Beta’和‘1103P’5种砧木,并以‘小味多’自根苗作为对照,采用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用技术,连续2 a(2016—2017年)分析不同砧穗组合‘小味多’采收期葡萄果实的挥发性物质。结果表明,年份间气候差异是影响‘小味多’葡萄果实香气化合物含量的决定性因素,同时其也受到砧木品种的显著影响。与自根苗‘小味多’相比,5种砧木均显著增加了葡萄果实中C_(6)/C_(9)类物质的含量。砧木‘5BB’显著增加了C_(13)-降异戊二烯类、萜烯类物质的含量;砧木‘1103P’显著增加了结合态羰基化合物类物质的含量;砧木‘101-14’显著增加了游离态羰基化合物类物质的含量,显著降低了结合态C_(13)-降异戊二烯类物质的含量;砧木‘Beta’显著增加了结合态C_(13)-降异戊二烯类、萜烯类物质的含量;砧木‘SO4’显著增加了C_(13)-降异戊二烯类、结合态羰基化合物类、游离态萜烯类物质的含量。正交偏最小二乘判别分析结果表明,(E)-2-己烯醛、(Z)-2-己烯醛、己醛等C_(6)/C_(9)化合物是区分嫁接苗和自根苗的共同差异挥发性化合物。总体而言,在北京地区使用砧木‘5BB’嫁接有利于‘小味多’葡萄采收期果实萜烯类和C_(13)-降异戊二烯类物质的积累。In this study,the wine grape cultivar Vitis vinifera L.cv.‘Petit Verdot’was used as the scion for‘101-14’,‘5BB’,‘SO4’,‘Beta’and‘1103P’rootstocks as well as self-rooted control.The volatile components of‘Petit Verdot’grape berries from the commercial harvest period in 2016–2017 were analyzed by using head space solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(HS-SPME-GC-MS).The results showed that the climate differences between vintages were the decisive factor affecting the contents of volatile components in‘Petit Verdot’grapes,which were also significantly affected by rootstocks.Compared with the self-rooted control,all five rootstocks significantly increased the contents of C_(6)/C_(9) compounds in grapes.‘5BB’significantly increased the contents of C_(13)-norisoprenoids and terpenes,‘1103P’significantly increased the content of bound carbonyl compounds,‘101-14’significantly increased the content of free carbonyl compounds and significantly decreased the content of bound C_(13)-norisoprenoids,‘Beta’significantly increased the contents of bound C_(13)-norisoprenoids and terpenes,and‘SO4’significantly increased the contents of C_(13)-norisoprenoids,bound carbonyl compounds and free terpenes.Orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA)results showed that C_(6)/C_(9) compounds,such as(E)-2-hexenal,(Z)-2-hexenal and hexanal,were the common differential volatile components to differentiate the grafted grapes from the self-rooted ones.In general,grafting‘Petit Verdot’onto the rootstock‘5BB’in Beijing was conducive to the accumulation of terpenes and C_(13)-norisoprenoids in grapes during harvest.

关 键 词：葡萄 砧木 ‘小味多’ 挥发性物质 顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]