智慧问学:基于ChatGPT的对话式学习新模式  

A New Inquiry Learning:Conversational Learning with ChatGPT

作　　者：戴岭 赵晓伟 祝智庭[3] DAI Ling;ZHAO Xiaowei;ZHU Zhiting(Faculty of Education,East China Normal University,Shanghai200062,China;College of Educational Sciences,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing210097,China;School of Open Learning and Education,East China Normal University,Shanghai200062,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学教育学部,上海200062 [2]南京师范大学教育科学学院,南京210097 [3]华东师范大学开放教育学院,上海200062

出　　处：《开放教育研究》2023年第6期42-51,111,共11页Open Education Research

基　　金：2018年度国家社会科学重大项目“信息化促进新时代基础教育公平的研究”(18ZDA335)。

摘　　要：ChatGPT的发展引发教育领域新的对话革命。作为一种具有丰富内涵的学习范式,对话式学习历经教学对话、对话式教学等阶段,正朝智慧问学的新阶段发展。智慧问学作为对话式学习的高阶形态,是学习者基于ChatGPT等新一代人工智能,通过主动提问寻求大语言模型回应,实现递进式问答对话与迭代式内容生成的新型学习模式。文章深入探讨了基于ChatGPT的智慧问学模式,剖析了平等性、开放性、建构性、角色互惠的理念原则,提出了“5W”模式的提问策略,并基于“认知需求—问题开放程度”设计了四类问题,形成螺旋递进的问学流程和五种对话类型。最后,文章建议以“尊德性”为价值导向,用实践智慧引领对话智慧;以“问学”设计为逻辑起点,培育高阶思维能力;以“会评”为核心要素,提升学习者再反馈素养。The development of ChatGPT leads to a new dialogue revolution in education.As a learning paradigm with rich connotations,conversational learning has experienced the transition from teaching dialogue to conversational teaching,and is developing into Smart Inquiry Learning.As a highlevel form of conversational learning,Smart Inquiry Learning is a new learning mode based on a generation of artificial intelligence such as ChatGPT,in which learners actively ask questions to seek responses from large language models,and realize progressive question-and-answer dialogue and iterative content generation.This paper discusses the Smart Inquiry Learning mode based on ChatGPT,analyzes the concepts and principles of equality,openness,constructiveness and role reciprocity,proposes the questioning strategy of"5W"mode.It also shares the designs four types of questions based on"cognitive demand-question openness",and forms a spiral progressive questioning process,and five types of dialogue.Finally,it is suggested to take"respect virtue"as the value orientation and use practical wisdom to lead conversational wisdom,take"Inquiry Learning"design as the logical starting point to cultivate higher order thinking ability,take"review"as the core element and improving learners're-feedback quality.All the suggestions help unlock the potential of large language models in education.

关 键 词：ChatGPT 智慧问学 提示语工程 对话式学习 实践智慧 高阶思维能力 

分 类 号：G434[文化科学—教育学]