时间社会学视角下“双一流”高校硕士研究生就业焦虑研究  

Research on Employment Anxiety among Master’s Graduate Students in Double World-class Universities from the Perspective of Time Sociology

作　　者：郝汉 赵彬 朱志勇[3] HAO Han;ZHAO Bin;ZHU Zhi-yong

机构地区：[1]湖南大学教育科学研究院,长沙410082 [2]汕头大学高等教育研究所,汕头515063 [3]北京师范大学教育学部教育管理学院,北京100875

出　　处：《大学教育科学》2023年第6期75-84,共10页University Education Science

摘　　要：基于时间社会学的理论视角,以“双一流”高校H大学作为个案,通过质性研究方法探究硕士研究生就业过程中焦虑心态产生的社会性因素发现:“三重倒计时”营造了“时间紧迫”的结构性压力,“时间拉长”“时间虚无”“时间差序”“时间冲突”四种时间体验导致了硕士研究生绵绵无期的等待、虚度华年的挫败、机不可失的时间规制和分身乏术的身体争夺四种时间境遇,由此生成多样态焦虑感受;硕士研究生在就业过程中建构了与社会时钟的“共变不同步”关系,陷入“结构性失时”的自主性缺失困境。对此,建议硕士研究生提升时间自主能力;高校制定合理的组织时间表,适度倡导个性化职业教育和时间教育;政策制定者对现有就业政策进行适度调整并有针对性地增强制度供给。The study used qualitative research methods by applying the theoretical perspective of time sociology at a double first-class university to explore the social factors that generate anxiety in the employment process of master’s students.The results find that a triple countdown creates a structural pressure of time urgency for master’s students.The four types of time experiences,time elongation,time emptiness,time difference order,and time conflict,lead to four different time situations:an ongoing and never-ending waiting period,a frustrating waste of time,a strict adherence to scheduled activities,and a constant struggle to balance time and attention,which generates various forms of anxiety.It shows that master’s students have constructed a co-variant and asynchronous relationship with societal expectations of time during the employment process and have fallen into the dilemma of structural time loss and lack of autonomy.It is recommended that master’s students improve their time autonomy.The universities should develop reasonable organizational schedules and properly advocate personalized vocational and time-based education.The policymakers should make appropriate adjustments to existing employment policies and strengthen institutional supply in a targeted manner.

关 键 词：硕士研究生 “双一流”高校 就业 时间焦虑 时间社会学 

分 类 号：G643[文化科学—高等教育学] G647.38[文化科学—教育学]