外生性压力源对中小学教师工作压力表现的影响——基于自我效能感的遮掩效应  

The Impact of Exogenous Stressors on Primary and Secondary School Teachers’Work Stress Performance:Masking Effect Based on Self-Efficacy

作　　者：周琴[1] 陈思雨 邓玉[1] Zhou Qin;Chen Siyu;Deng Yu(College of Teachers Education,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;The Faculty of Education,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学教师教育学院,重庆400715 [2]西南大学教育学部,重庆400715

出　　处：《教育科学》2023年第4期47-54,共8页Education Science

基　　金：2020年度国家社会科学基金一般项目“西南民族地区易地扶贫搬迁移民儿童的文化适应与教育对策研究”(项目编号:20BMZ077)。

摘　　要：运用TALIS 2018教师调查问卷,以西南地区云、贵、川、渝四个省份41所学校的2386名中小学教师为被试,探讨教师工作压力表现及其影响因素。统计分析发现,被试中小学教师的工作压力整体偏大,且内部呈现出显著性的学历、学段等群体差异。回归分析发现,三类外生性压力源均对教师工作压力表现产生正效应,其影响力由大到小依次为工作量、学生行为、教育相关者,与三者均值高低恰好呈相反趋势。在三种自我效能感中,课堂管理效能感对教师工作压力表现产生正效应,教学效能感对教师工作压力表现产生负效应,学生参与效能感对教师工作压力不产生显著效应。进一步检验自我效能感在外生性压力源和教师工作压力表现之间的中介效应,发现其发挥显著的遮掩效应。由此,应通过县域内教育优质均衡发展以减轻县镇初中教师的高压感;通过技术赋能以减少教师机械性、程序化工作;通过提升教学效能感以有效缓解教师工作压力。Using the TALIS 2018 teacher questionnaire,2386 primary and secondary school teachers from 41 schools in Yunnan,Guizhou,Sichuan,and Chongqing provinces in southwest China were selected as subjects to explore teachers’work stress performance and its influencing factors.Statistical analysis found that the overall work pressure of the primary and secondary school teachers tested was relatively high,but there were significant differences among groups such as academic qualifications and school stages.Regression analysis found that the three types of exogenous stressors all have a positive effect on teachers’work stress performance.Their influence from large to small is workload,student behavior,and education-related people,which is exactly the opposite trend to the mean value of the three.Among the three types of self-efficacy,classroom management efficacy has a positive effect on teachers’work stress performance,teaching efficacy has a negative effect,and students’participation efficacy has no significant effect.The mediating effect of self-efficacy between exogenous stressors and teachers’work stress performance was further tested,and it was found that it exerts a significant masking effect.Therefore,the high-quality and balanced development of education within the county should be used to alleviate the high pressure of teachers in county and town junior high schools;technological empowerment should be used to reduce teachers’mechanical and procedural work;and teachers’work pressure should be effectively relieved by improving the sense of teaching effectiveness.

关 键 词：教师 工作压力表现 压力源 自我效能感 TALIS 2018 

分 类 号：G451[文化科学—教育学]