我国教科书的经典课文及其生成——以70年的人教版中学语文为统计样本  

Classic Texts and Their Generation in Chinese Textbooks:Using Middle School Chinese Textbooks Published by PEP in the past 70 Years as Statistical Samples

作　　者：段发明[1] 刘倩 Duan Faming;Liu Qian(Rural education center,Hunan Normal University,Changsha Hunan 410081,China;College of education,Hunan University of science and technology,Xiangtan Hunan 411201,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学乡村教育研究中心,湖南长沙410081 [2]湖南科技大学教育学院,湖南湘潭411201

出　　处：《教育科学》2023年第4期55-62,共8页Education Science

基　　金：全国教育科学规划“十三五”规划2020年度国家一般课题“我国教科书的舆论支持研究”(项目编号:BHA200126)。

摘　　要：经典课文是永恒价值的表现、文化传承的重要载体,是语文教科书中最有教诲价值的内容。由人民教育出版社出版(以下简称“人教版”)的中学语文教科书在70年的不断改版及修订中涌现出一批经典课文。它们具有文学性、政治性、时代性、教学性的基本特征。经典课文是由人、社会、国家共同建构、任命的,由代表国家意志的教学大纲或课程标准“限定”的,由编者“二次创作”,并由公众舆论“保存”的课文。依据课程理论,课文成为经典需从社会、知识、教学等方面入手:坚守课程标准提出的价值理念,通过传承经典和创造经典两条途径,增强民族文化认同感,建立共同的精神基础及文化根基;坚持“文质兼美”的语言文字标准;依据教学性再创作选文;设置大众参与机制,鼓励教师、学生、家长等参与经典课文的建构。Classic text is the expression of eternal value,an important carrier of cultural heritage,and the most instructive content in Chinese textbooks.In the 70 years of continuous revision and modification of the middle school Chinese textbooks published by People’s Education Press(PEP),a number of classic texts have emerged,with the basic characteristics of politics,literature,teaching and times.Classic texts are jointly constructed and appointed by people,society and the state.They are not only“limited”by the outline or curriculum standard representing national consciousness,but also“secondary creations”by editors and“preserved”by public opinion.According to curriculum theory,text becomes classic needs to start from social,knowledge,teaching and other aspects:needs to adhere to the value concepts proposed by the curriculum standards,enhance national cultural identity,establish a common spiritual foundation and common cultural basis through two ways of inheriting and innovating classics;needs to adhere to the language standard of“writing and content both good”;needs to be re-created based on teaching purposes;needs to set up a public participation mechanism to encourage teachers,students,and parents to participate in the construction of classic texts.

关 键 词：中学语文教科书 经典课文 经典建构 经典化 

分 类 号：G423.3[文化科学—课程与教学论]