听障大学生汉语唇读能力对阅读理解的影响  

The Effect of Chinese Lip-Reading Ability on the Reading Comprehension of Hearing-Impaired College Students

作　　者：张奋 雷江华[2] 陈亮[3] 王海凤 魏雪寒 ZHANG Fen;LEI Jianghua;CHEN Liang;WANG Haifeng;WEI Xuehans(Faculty of Education,Beijing Normal University,Beijing,100875;College of Education,Central China Normal University,Wuhan,430079;Communication Sciences and Special Education,University of Georgia,Georgia,30602;Department of Education,Henan University,Zhengzhou,450000;Department of Special Education,Zhengzhou Institute of Technology,Zhengzhou,450053)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学教育学部,北京100875 [2]华中师范大学教育学院,武汉430079 [3]美国佐治亚大学科学传播与特殊教育学院,佐治亚30602 [4]河南大学教育学部,开封475004 [5]郑州工程技术学院特殊教育学院,郑州450053

出　　处：《中国特殊教育》2023年第10期29-35,共7页Chinese Journal of Special Education

基　　金：全国教育科学“十四五”规划2023年度教育部重点课题“听障大学生同形态与跨形态语言加工的脑机制及其教育启示研究”(项目批准号:DBA230366)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：唇读解码在听障学生拼音文字阅读理解中发挥重要作用,但其在汉语阅读理解中的作用尚未可知。本研究选取154名听障大学生和97名健听大学生,采用汉语唇读测试与阅读理解能力测试,深入考察两类群体在阅读理解中汉语唇读解码的作用。结果显示,听障大学生阅读理解得分显著低于健听大学生;高唇读能力组听障大学生阅读理解得分显著高于低唇读能力组,但是在健听大学生中,三组之间无显著性差异。结果表明,与健听大学生相比,听障大学生汉语唇读能力影响阅读理解,汉语唇读能力高的听障大学生,其阅读理解能力较高。即在阅读理解中,高唇读能力组听障大学生解码能力较强。听障大学生在阅读理解加工过程中采用自下而上的策略,唇读内在强力支撑着听障大学生的汉语阅读理解,而健听大学生更多采用自动化加工策略。研究建议,在阅读理解中,要加强唇读口形、语音、语义与书面汉字字形、语音以及语义之间的关系,实现阅读理解活动中形、音、义的转换与联结。Lip-reading decoding plays an important role in the reading comprehension of alphabetic languages for hearing-impaired students(HI),but its role in the Chinese reading comprehension is not yet known.In this study,154 HI and 97 normal hearing(NH)college students were selected to examine the role of lip-reading in reading comprehension in Chinese.The results showed that reading comprehension scores of the HI students were significantly lower than those of the NH students.The reading comprehension scores of the HI students in the high lip-reading ability group were significantly higher than those of the low lip-reading ability group,but there was no significant difference among the three groups of HI college students.The results also revealed that the lip-reading ability of HI students affects their Chinese reading comprehension,and those with better lip-reading ability have better reading comprehension ability.That is,in reading comprehension,HI college students in the high lip-reading ability stronger decoding ability.The HI students adopt botom-up strategies during reading comprehension,and lip-reading intrinsically provides a strong support for their reading comprehension.By contrast,the NH students adopt more automatic processing strategies.The research suggests that in reading comprehension,it is necessary to strengthen the relationship between oral form,phonology,semantics of lip reading and those of written Chinese characters,so as to realize the form-sound-meaning transition and linkage in reading comprehension activities.

关 键 词：听障大学生 唇读 阅读理解 解码 

分 类 号：G762[文化科学—特殊教育学]