韩国继续教育阻断农村贫困代际传递:政策、实践与启示  

Continuing Education in South Korea Preventing Intergenerational Transmission of Rural Poverty:Policy,Practice and Inspiration

作　　者：侯龙真 何爱霞[1] HOU Longzhen;HE Aixia(Qufu Normal University,Qufu Shandong 273165;Heze University,Heze Shandong 274015)

机构地区：[1]曲阜师范大学,山东曲阜273165 [2]菏泽学院,山东菏泽274015

出　　处：《现代远距离教育》2023年第5期88-96,共9页Modern Distance Education

基　　金：国家社会科学基金“十三五”规划2019年度教育学一般课题“继续教育阻断农村贫困代际传递的机理与路径研究”(编号:BKA190224)。

摘　　要：贫困代际传递是指在家庭内部或在一定的社区、阶层范围内,贫困以及导致贫困的相关条件和因素在代际间延续,使后代在成年后重复前代的贫困境遇。韩国建国以来,继续教育因应农村贫困治理之需,在阻断农村贫困代际传递中发挥了重要作用。其政策演进大致经历了以阻断农村绝对贫困代际传递为重心的初步探索、全面推进、调整提升阶段以及以阻断农村相对贫困代际传递为重心的融合创新阶段。韩国继续教育阻断农村贫困代际传递的实践逻辑为:催生农民脱贫内生动力,阻断心理贫困代际传递;赋予农民可行能力,阻断能力贫困代际传递;提高农民制度化文化资本,阻断资历贫困代际传递;保障农民终身学习机会,阻断权利贫困代际传递。我国已摆脱绝对贫困,进入以缓解相对贫困为目标的共富性治贫阶段。如何深化教育扶贫工作,阻断农村相对贫困代际传递成为该时期必须关注和解决的问题,继续教育也因之被赋予这一重任。以韩国为镜鉴,我国继续教育未来需要秉循人文主义教育观,重点向贫困脆弱性群体倾斜,搭建代际脱贫责任共同体,强化组织、法制、经费、信息技术等要素保障,以促进农村低收入家庭可持续发展,促进农民农村共同富裕。Intergenerational transmission of poverty is a vicious circle under which conditions and factors that cause poverty are passed down from parents to children in families,or from generation to generation in particular communities or social strata.Since the foundation of South Korea,continuing education of the state has played a pivotal role in preventing intergenerational transmission of rural poverty in re-sponse to the needs of South Korea's rural poverty management.The evolution of continuing education policies about preventing intergenera-tional transmission of rural poverty in South Korea roughly goes through four stages:tentative exploration,overall promotion and adjustment period,which focus on preventing the intergenerational transmission of rural absolute poverty,and integration and innovation period aiming to prevent the intergenerational transmission of rural relative poverty.The practical logic of continuing education in preventing the intergen-erational transmission of rural poverty in South Korea can be summarized as follows:stimulating endogenous power of poverty elimination to prevent the intergenerational transmission of poverty in psychology;empowering farmers with capabilities to prevent the intergenerational transmission of poverty in capacity;improving institutionalized cultural capital to prevent the intergenerational transmission of poverty in qualification;guaranteeing lifelong learning opportunities for farmers to prevent the intergenerational transmission of poverty in rights.China has been out of absolute poverty and entered the stage of relieving relative poverty that march toward common prosperity.How to further im-prove the contribution of education to elimination of the intergenerational transmission of relative poverty is an issue that should be focused and solved in this stage,and therefore continuing education is entrusted with this responsibility.Taking South Korea as a model,continuing education in China needs to adhere to the humanistic education concept,give inclined support fo

关 键 词：继续教育 贫困代际传递 农村 韩国 绝对贫困 相对贫困 

分 类 号：G729[文化科学—成人教育学]