齿轨铁路超大坡度桥梁-齿轨系统匹配及安全性研究  

Study on Compatibility and Safety of Super-slope Bridge and Rack System of Rack Railway

作　　者：陈兆玮 王浪 袁密奥 李世辉 蒲前华 杨吉忠[2] 陈志辉[2] CHEN Zhaowei;WANG Lang;YUAN Miao;LI Shihui;PU Qianhua;Yang Jizhong;Chen Zhihui(School of Mechatronics&Vehicle Engineering,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074;Science and Technology Research Institute,China Railway Eryuan Engineering Group Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610031)

机构地区：[1]重庆交通大学机电与车辆工程学院,重庆400074 [2]中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司科学技术研究院,成都610031

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2023年第18期312-326,共15页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52008067);重庆市自然科学基金(CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX1193);重庆市教育委员会科学技术研究(KJZD-M202300701);重庆交通大学研究生科研创新(2023S0073)资助项目。

摘　　要：我国新规划山区齿轨铁路中存在超大坡度桥梁结构,在其运营过程中(特别是温度作用下),由于桥梁与齿轨的结构连续性不同,桥梁端部纵向伸缩变形远大于齿轨变形,引发齿轨局部应力过大,导致结构损伤,威胁车辆运行安全。针对温度荷载引起的车辆-齿轨(轨道)-桥梁系统非线性动力相互作用问题,基于车辆-轨道耦合动力学理论,详细考虑齿轮-齿轨非线性啮合行为和轮轨非线性接触行为,构建温度荷载下车辆-齿轨(轨道)-桥梁系统非线性动力作用研究方法和理论模型;在此基础上研究温度荷载、齿轮-齿轨作用、轮轨作用及多荷载耦合对齿轨变形、振动及应力等力学特性影响,提出保证超大坡度桥梁-齿轨系统匹配和行车安全性方法。研究表明,不同荷载下,桥梁间隙附近齿轨与桥梁变形存在不协调性,齿轨及螺栓出现断裂,严重威胁齿轨系统安全性;齿轨振动主频在100 Hz左右;齿轨应力主要为拉压应力及弯曲应力,最大应力为898 MPa,超过齿轨抗拉强度;紧固件螺栓最大剪切应力为1.51×10^(3)MPa,达到剪切强度643%。建议采用弹性扣件连接齿轨和轨枕能够有效降低齿轨和螺栓的应力,保障齿轨系统安全性。研究成果可为我国齿轨铁路前期设计及后期运维提供理论依据。Super-slope bridge structure is used in rack railway of a newly planned mountainous area in China.During operation(especially under the action of temperature),due to the different structural continuity between the bridge and the rack,the longitudinal expansion and contraction deformation of the bridge end is much larger than that of the rack,which leads to excessive local stress of the rack,resulting in structural damage and threatening the safety of vehicles.Aiming at the problem of nonlinear dynamic interaction of vehicle-rack(track)-bridge system caused by temperature load,based on the vehicle-track coupling dynamics theory,the research method and theoretical model of nonlinear dynamic interaction of vehicle-rack(track)-bridge system under temperature load are established by considering the nonlinear meshing behavior of gear-rack and the nonlinear contact behavior of wheel-track.On this basis,the effects of temperature load,gear-rack action,wheel-rail action and multi-load coupling action on the mechanical characteristics of rack,such as deformation,vibration and stress,are studied,and the method to ensure the adaptability and driving safety of the bridge rack system with super-slope is proposed.The results show that under different loads,the deformation of the bridge and the rack near the bridge gap is out of harmony,and the rack and bolts are broken,which seriously threatens the safety of the rack system.The main frequency of rack vibration is about 100 Hz;The stress of rack is mainly tensile stress and bending stress,and the maximum rack stress is 898 MPa,which exceeds the tensile strength of rack.The maximum shear stresses of bolts between fastener and rack and between fastener and sleeper are 1.51×103 MPa,reaching 643%of the shear strength of bolts.elastic fasteners are suggested to be used to connect racks and sleepers,which can effectively reduce stress in rack and bolts,and ensure the safety of rack system.The research results can provide theoretical basis for the early design and later operation and

关 键 词：车辆-轨道-桥梁相互作用 齿轨铁路 超大坡度桥梁 运行安全 动态特性 

分 类 号：U24[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]