铁道车辆蛇行频率变化机理及其对车体蛇行稳定性的影响  

Hunting frequency variation mechanism and its effect on carbody hunting stability for railway vehicles

作　　者：孙建锋 焦卫东 蒋永华 唐超 Attiq Ur Rehman 鄂世举 Jianfeng Sun;Weidong Jiao;Yonghua Jiang;Chao Tang;Attiq Ur Rehman;Shju Ei(Key Laboratory of Intelligent Operation and Maintenance Technology and Equipment for Urban Rail Transitof Zhejiang Province,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321004,China;School of Engineering,Zhejang Normal University,Jinhua 321004,China;Xingzhi College,Zhejiang Normal University,Lanxi 321004,China)

机构地区：[1]不详

出　　处：《Acta Mechanica Sinica》2023年第8期148-165,共18页力学学报（英文版）

基　　金：This work was supported by the Key Project of Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.LZ22E050001);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.82001918).

摘　　要：蛇行频率是轮轨系统固有的特征参数并随着运行速度的变化而发生连续变化,能够影响车辆系统的模态行为,从而带来了一系列结构共振相关的动力学问题.本文的研究对象从单轮对系统出发扩展至转向架系统和带两级悬挂的整车系统,重点研究了蛇行频率的变化机理及其对车体蛇行稳定性的影响机制.文中提出了一种基于最小模态距离的模态跟踪方法,对蛇行频率和其他模态参数进行连续跟踪,研究了速度激励下轮轨系统及悬挂系数参数对蛇行频率的影响机制.利用极限思想揭示了蛇行频率的饱和机理并给出了频率饱和值的解析表达式.结合模态跟踪方法和正则化的振型及动能幅值分布情况,实现了根轨迹曲线的划分与识别.从模态频率、阻尼比和振型角度,分析并总结了在频率耦合速度(蛇行频率与车体刚性模态频率相等时对应的速度)下的模态行为特征.基于速度与等效锥度的联合变参分析,发现频率耦合速度通过影响最小阻尼比对车体蛇行稳定性产生显著影响.除了模态频率外,车体刚性模态的固有阻尼比也会影响频率耦合速度下的系统最小阻尼比.本文的研究工作揭示了蛇行频率的演变机制,丰富了对蛇行运动现象的理解,为现代轨道车辆的稳定性设计提供了理论依据.The hunting frequency is an inherent characteristic parameter of the wheel-rail system and is able to affect the modal behavior of the vehicle system due to its continuous variation with running speeds,which in turn dominates some structural resonance related-dynamics.This study focuses on the variation mechanism of the hunting frequency and its effect on carbody hunting stability,starting from a single wheelset to a flexible bogie,then to the entire vehicle system with both primary and secondary suspensions.The minimal modal distance-based tracking method is proposed to continuously trace the hunting frequency and other concerned modal parameters.The variables in the wheel-rail contact system and suspension system are controlled individually to study their effects on hunting frequency variation under the speed parametric excitation.The saturation mechanism of hunting frequency is revealed by limit thought and the limit value is analytically expressed.The root loci curves are separated and recognized by utilizing the modal tracking method and normalized amplitudes distribution related to the modal shape and kinetic energy.From the perspectives of the modal frequency,damping ratio and modal shape,the modal behavior features at or around the frequency coupling speed(the speed at which the hunting frequency equals carbody rigid modal frequencies)are analyzed and summarized.Based on the joint parametric excitation of the speed and equivalent conicity,the frequency coupling speed is believed as the primary factor to dominate the carbody hunting stability by affecting the minimal damping ratio.In addition to the modal frequency,the natural damping ratio of carbody rigid modes can also affect the minimal damping ratio related to frequency coupling speed.The investigation enriches the understanding of hunting motion and provides assistance for the stability design of modern railway vehicles by considering the variation mechanism of hunting frequency.

关 键 词：轮轨系统 铁道车辆 蛇行运动 车辆系统 等效锥度 轨道车辆 模态频率 阻尼比 

分 类 号：U27[机械工程—车辆工程]