苏格兰卓越课程实践特征与新动向  

The Practice and New Trends of Curriculum for Excellence in Scotland

作　　者：熊艳青 徐丹[1] 孟晓瑞 XIONG Yanqing;XU Dan;MENG Xiaorui(Institute of Education Science,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China;Teacher Education College,Hexi University,Gansu 734000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学教育科学研究院,长沙410082 [2]河西学院教师教育学院,甘肃734000

出　　处：《比较教育学报》2023年第6期158-171,共14页Journal of Comparative Education

基　　金：2020年度湖南省社科基金一般项目“硕士研究生与导师互动的现状与改进策略研究”(项目编号:SKZ2020212)。

摘　　要：卓越课程是苏格兰有史以来最具颠覆性的课程改革之一。在课程实践层面,卓越课程构建了四项核心能力目标、形成了多元化的学习渠道、课程重视“自上而下”与“自下而上”的双向建构、评估呈现分阶段、多元评价特征。然而部分学者对卓越课程表达了担忧,如能力本位的课程目标忽视了教育的解放赋权功能、卓越课程存在轻视知识的危机、隐性的不平等鸿沟被拉大。未来苏格兰将进一步重新审视和更新卓越课程愿景、加强跨学科学习、提高课程开发能力、改革评估体系,建立新的评估与审核机构。基于苏格兰卓越课程特征,立足我国国情,我国基础教育课程改革应形成多元主体参与机制,构建持续改进的良性互动关系;教师赋权增能,搭建“双向制”相结合的课程改革联动机制;深度落实多元评价理念,松绑单一的选拔功能。Curriculum for Excellence is one of the most disruptive curriculum reform in Scotland to date.In the curriculum practice,it constructs four core competencies as its goal,develops multiple sources of learning,adopts a mixed approach,with both top-down and bottom-up method,to develop curriculum,and the evaluation is characterized with phases and multiple assessment processes.However,some scholars have expressed concerns about the Curriculum for Excellence,such as the neglects of the emancipatory and empowering function of education through competency-based curriculum goals,the crisis in disregarding knowledge,and the possibilities to widen the hidden inequality gap.In the future,Scotland will further revisit and update the vision of Curriculum for Excellence,strengthen interdisciplinary learning,improve curriculum development capacity,reform assessment systems,and establish new assessment and audit bodies.Based on the characteristics of Curriculum for Excellence in Scotland and the national conditions of China,the reform of basic education curriculum in China could further build a diversified participation mechanism and a positive interactive relationship for continuous improvement;Empowering teachers,establishing a curriculum reform linkage mechanism that combines a"two-way system";Deeply implement the concept of multiple evaluations and loosen the single selection function.

关 键 词：卓越课程 实践 争议 新动向 

分 类 号：G4[文化科学—教育学]