协同治理视角下中小学内部治理结构优化研究  

Research on the Optimization of Internal Governance Structure of Primary and Secondary Schools from the Perspective of Collaborative Governance

作　　者：赵新亮 张志勇[2] ZHAO Xinliang;ZHANG Zhiyong(Beijing Academy of Educational Sciences,Beijing 100036;Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875)

机构地区：[1]北京教育科学研究院,北京100036 [2]北京师范大学,北京100875

出　　处：《现代教育管理》2023年第11期119-128,共10页Modern Education Management

基　　金：北京市教育科学“十四五”规划优先关注课题“首都教育现代化背景下教育治理体系与能力的内涵与指标研究”(ACEA21006)。

摘　　要：学校治理现代化是教育治理现代化的重要组成部分,优化学校内部治理结构,对于激发中小学办学活力、提高基础教育质量具有重要作用。我国中小学内部治理的制度演变,经历校长责任制、校长负责制、党组织领导的校长负责制等发展历程,逐步优化了现代化学校内部治理结构。通过问卷调查能够了解当前中小学内部治理改革的现状与瓶颈,主要表现为中小学办学自主权空间仍然不足、师生代表参与决策力度有待提高、家长参与学校治理保障激励不够以及党组织领导的运行机制有待完善等方面。因此,要以协同治理理论为指导优化学校内部治理结构,优化外部运行机制包括实施清单管理、加强社会监督及推进家校社合作治理等方面,优化内部运行机制包括加强党政协同、落实依法治校以及为师生分权赋能等方面,从而构建多元利益主体协同参与学校治理的新格局。The modernization of school governance is an important component of the modernization of educational governance.Optimizing the internal governance structure of schools plays an important role in stimulating the vitality of primary and secondary schools and improving the quality of basic education.The evolution process of the internal governance system of primary and secondary schools in China has gone through the development process of principal responsibility system,principal responsibility system,and principal responsibility system led by party organizations.It is the evolution process of principal responsibility system led by party organizations in primary and secondary schools,gradually optimizing the structural elements of internal governance in modern new era.Through a questionnaire survey,we understand the current situation and bottlenecks of internal governance reform in primary and secondary schools,mainly manifested in the insufficient autonomy space for primary and secondary school education,the need to improve the participation of teacher and student representatives in decision-making,insufficient incentives for parents to participate in school governance,and the need to improve the operational mechanism of party organization leadership.Therefore,it is necessary to optimize the internal governance structure of schools under the guidance of collaborative governance theory.The optimization of external operating mechanism includes implementing inventory management,strengthening social supervision,and promoting family-school-social cooperation governance.The optimization of internal operating mechanism includes strengthening party government coordination,implementing legal governance of schools,and empowering teachers and students,in order to build a new pattern of collaborative participation of multiple stakeholders in school governance.

关 键 词：协同治理 中小学 内部治理结构 家校社协同 办学自主权 

分 类 号：G40-058[文化科学—教育学原理] G471[文化科学—教育学]