基于概念隐喻分析“心主神”理论的形成  

Analysis of the formation of the theory of“heart dominating mind”based on conceptual metaphor

作　　者：赖敏 贾春华 徐爽 LAI Min;JIA Chunhua;XU Shuang(School of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学中医学院,北京100029

出　　处：《天津中医药》2024年第1期39-43,共5页Tianjin Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(81874514)。

摘　　要：心与脑孰主神明的论战旷日持久,令人莫衷一是。与其竞短争长,倒不如澄清“心何以主神”这一关键问题,揭示“心主神”理论形成的过程与成因,或许更有助于化解心脑孰主神明的争端。既往中医学者提出了心主血脉、心居中以主宰人体而主神等诸多观点,但未能结合古人的认知方式和生活经验,阐明心何以主神的独特性;并且对于古代典籍中感官七窍与心、神关系的诸多论述,缺乏深入的讨论。因此本文从具身认知视角下的概念隐喻理论出发,重新解读古籍中的有关论述,阐释在司外揣内、取象比类的认知模式下,古人对感官七窍与心、神关系的认识如何影响“心主神”理论的形成。认为围绕感官七窍构建的相关概念是古人体认“神”的重要基础,且古人对感官七窍与心、神关系的认识,以及感官七窍与心之七窍的观察联想,促进了“心主神”理论的形成,这也是理解“心主神”与“脑主神”关系的基本前提。The debate between heart and brain,which dominate the mind,is protracted and inconclusive.Rather than competing for the best,it is better to clarify the key problem of“why the heart dominates the mind”,and reveal the process and causes of the formation of the theory of“the heart dominates the mind”,which may help to resolve the dispute between the heart and the brain.In the past,traditional Chinese medicine scholars have put forward many views why the heart dominates the mind,such as the heart dominates the blood,the heart is in the middle,and the heart dominates the human body,but most of them failed to reveal the uniqueness of why the heart dominates mind in combination with the cognitive style and life experience of ancient people.Moreover,there is a lack of in-depth discussion on the relationship between the sensory organs,the heart and the mind that are recorded in ancient books.Therefore,from the conceptual metaphor theory from the perspective of embodied cognition,combined with the relevant discussions in ancient books,this paper explains how ancient people’s understanding of the relationship between the seven sensory orifices,the heart and the mind affects the formation of the theory of“the heart dominating the mind”under the cognitive mode of governing exterior to infer interior and taking analogy of images.It is considered that the concept of the seven sensory orifices is an important basis for the ancients to recognize“mind”,and the ancients’understanding of the relationship between the seven sensory orifices and the mind,as well as the observation and association of the seven sensory orifices and the heart orifices,are not only the important basis for the formation of the theory of the“heart dominating the mind”,but also the basic premise for understanding the relationship between“heart dominating mind”and“brain dominating mind”.

关 键 词：心主神 感官 七窍 脑主神 司外揣内 具身认知 隐喻 

分 类 号：R22[医药卫生—中医基础理论]