咖啡及其制品中糠醛类污染物含量测定及其含量水平初步调查  

Determination and preliminary investigation of furfural compounds in coffee and its products

作　　者：卢素格[1] 翟志雷[1] 张利锋[1] 刘红丽[1] 马青青[1] LU Suge;ZHAI Zhilei;ZHANG Lifeng;LIU Hongli;MA Qingqing(He’nan Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Monitoring and Evaluation,He’nan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,He’nan Zhengzhou 450016,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省疾病预防控制中心,河南省食品安全风险监测评价医学重点实验室,河南郑州450016

出　　处：《中国食品卫生杂志》2023年第9期1323-1327,共5页Chinese Journal of Food Hygiene

基　　金：河南省医学科技攻关计划联合共建项目(LHGJ20210164)。

摘　　要：目的了解咖啡及其制品中糠醛类污染物的含量水平,为监管部门制定监管政策或为国家标准制修订提供基础数据。方法利用气相色谱-三重四极杆串联质谱对咖啡及其制品中糠醛类污染物进行检测,通过Excel和SAS软件对结果进行分析和统计。结果52份样品中,3种糠醛类污染物均有检出,其糠醛类污染物含量水平为5-羟甲基糠醛>糠醛>5-甲基糠醛,且5-羟甲基糠醛含量最高值为2587 mg/kg;按类别分析,糠醛类污染物总量变化趋势为:纯速溶咖啡>二合一速溶咖啡>咖啡豆(粉)>咖啡饮料;按5-羟甲基糠醛在糠醛类污染物总量占比分析,纯速溶咖啡/二合一速溶咖啡>咖啡豆(粉)/咖啡饮料。结论调查的咖啡及其制品中均含有糠醛类污染物,其含量水平与国外文献报道相符合。Objective This study aimed to provide basic data for the regulatory authorities to formulate regulatory policies or for the preparation and revision of national standards by investigating the content level of furfural pollutants in coffee and its products.Methods Furfural pollutants in coffee and its products were detected by gas chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometry.The results were analyzed and counted using Excel and SAS.Results Three furfural pollutants were detected in 52 samples,the content level of furfural pollutants was 5-hydroxymethylfurfural>furfural>5-methylfurfural,and the highest content of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural was 2587 mg/kg.By category analysis,it was found that the change trend was pure instant coffee>two-in-one instant coffee>coffee bean(powder)>coffee beverage.According to the proportion of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in the total amount of furfural pollutants,it was found that the change trend was pure instant coffee/two-in-one instant coffee>coffee bean(powder)/coffee beverage.Conclusion The survey results show that all coffee types and their products contain furfural pollutants and their content levels are consistent with foreign literature reports.

关 键 词：咖啡及其制品 糠醛 5-甲基糠醛 5-羟甲基糠醛 

分 类 号：R155[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]