交配前后雌雄桑蚕蛾营养价值评价  

Nutritional value of mulberry female and male silkworm moths before and after mating

作　　者：林碧敏[1] 钟杨生[2] 潘子文 张莹 严会超[2] 陈芳艳[2] LIN Bimin;ZHONG Yangsheng;PAN Ziwen;ZHANG Ying;YAN Huichao;CHEN Fangyan(Experimental Basis and Practical Training Center,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China;College of Animal Science,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学基础实验与实践训练中心,广东广州510642 [2]华南农业大学动物科学学院,广东广州510642

出　　处：《食品与发酵工业》2024年第2期145-152,共8页Food and Fermentation Industries

基　　金：广东省现代农业产业技术体系(蚕桑)(2022KJ124);广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2020B020225005)。

摘　　要：为深入了解桑蚕蛾的营养物质成分,检测了交配前后9芙雌雄蚕蛾蛋白质、脂肪酸和氨基酸的组成和含量。通过粗蛋白、粗脂肪、不饱和脂肪酸含量、动脉粥样硬化指数(indices of atherogenicity,IA)、血栓形成指数(thrombogenicity,IT)以及氨基酸评分、化学评分、必需氨基酸指数(essential amino acid index,EAAI)、营养指数(nutrition index,NI)和生物价(biological value,BV)等指标评价了蚕蛾的营养价值。结果表明,蚕蛾氨基酸和不饱和脂肪酸含量丰富,交配前雌蛾蛋白质(21.6%,鲜重)、总氨基酸(46.94 g/100 g)、必需氨基酸含量(15.86%)以及EAAI(99.33)、NI(21.45)和BV(96.57)最高,同时含有丰富的甜味、药效和支链氨基酸,粗脂肪含量(7.11%,鲜重)低,多不饱和脂肪酸占比(78.18%)高,IA(0.21)和IT(0.14)低,是理想的蛋白源。交配后的雄蛾粗脂肪(24.46%,鲜重)、不饱和脂肪酸(44.31 g/100 g)、亚麻酸含量(19.37 g/100 g)最高,IA(0.28)和IT(0.22)指数较低,是提取不饱和脂肪酸的优质原料。该研究为桑蚕蛾在食品领域的开发应用提供了理论依据。To understand the nutrient composition of mulberry silkworm moths,their contents of protein,fatty acids,and amino acids were analyzed before and after mating for males and females respectively.The evaluation of the nutritional value of 9 Fu silkworm moths was based on their contents of crude protein,crude fat,and unsaturated fatty acids,indices of atherogenicity(IA)and thrombogenicity(IT),amino acid and chemical scores,essential amino acid index(EAAI),nutrition index(NI),and biological value(BV).Results revealed the abundant contents of amino acids and unsaturated fatty acids of the silkworm moth.The protein content(21.6%,fresh weight),total amino acid content(46.94 g/100 g),essential amino acid content(15.86%),EAAI(99.33),NI(21.45),and BV(96.57)of the female silkworm moths before mating were the highest of 4 kinds of silkworm moths.They were also rich in sweet,pharmacodynamic,and branched-chain amino acids,and had a low crude fat content(7.11%,fresh weight)but a higher ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids to fatty acids.Their IA(0.21)and IT(0.14)were also lower than those of the male.Therefore,female silkworm moths before mating can be considered an ideal protein resource.The contents of crude fat(24.46%,fresh weight),unsaturated fatty acids(44.31 g/100 g)andα-linolenic acid(19.37 g/100 g)of the male silkworm moths after mating were higher than those of the female,but their IA(0.28)and IT(0.22)were lower,thus making them a high-quality raw material for the extraction of unsaturated fatty acids.This study provides a theoretical basis for developing the use of mulberry silkworm moths in food products.

关 键 词：桑蚕蛾 粗蛋白 粗脂肪 脂肪酸 氨基酸 营养评价 

分 类 号：TS201.4[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]